Carraro India Ltd. ಖಾತೆಯ ಉಪಯುಕ್ತ ಮಾಹಿತಿ

f) Provisions, contingent liabilities and
contingent assetProvisions

A provision is recognised if, as a result of past
event, the Company has a present obligation that
can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that

an outflow of resources embodying economic
benefits will be required to settle the obligation.
Provisions are recognised at the best estimate
of the expenditure required to settle the present
obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

- Warranty provisions

The estimated liability for product warranties
is recognised when products are sold or when
new warranty programmes are initiated. These
estimates are established using historical
information on the nature, frequency and average
cost of warranty claims and management
estimates regarding possible future warranty
claims, customer goodwill and recall complaints.
The timing of outflows will vary depending on
when warranty claim will arise, being typically up
to four years. The Company also has back-to-
back contractual arrangement with its suppliers
in the event that a vehicle fault is proven to be
a supplier''s fault. Estimates are made of the
expected reimbursement claim based upon
historical levels of recoveries from supplier,
adjusted for inflation and applied to the population
of vehicles under warranty as on Balance
Sheet date.

Contingent liabilities

A contingent liability exists when there is a possible
but not probable obligation arising from past
events and whose existence will be confirmed only
by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or
more uncertain future events not wholly within the
control of the entity or a present obligation arising
from the past event, that may, but probably will
not, require an outflow of resources embodying
economic benefits, or a present obligation whose
amount cannot be estimated reliably. Contingent
liabilities do not warrant provisions, but are
disclosed in the financial statements unless the
possibility of outflow of resources is remote.

Contingent assets

Contingent assets are neither recognised nor
disclosed in the financial statements. However,
contingent assets are assessed continually
and if it is virtually certain that an inflow of
economic benefits will arise, the asset and related
income are recognised in the period in which the
change occurs.

(g) Dividends

The Company recognizes a liability for any
dividend declared but not distributed at the end of
reporting year, when the distribution is authorized
and the distribution is no longer at the discretion
of the Company on or before the end of the
reporting year.

(h) Revenue recognition

According to Ind AS 115, revenue is measured
at the amount of consideration the Company
expects to receive in exchange for the goods or
services when control of the goods or services and
the benefits obtainable from them are transferred
to the customer. Revenue is recognised using the
following five step model specified in Ind AS 115:

Step 1: Identify contracts with customers

Step 2: Identify performance obligations contained
in the contracts

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the
performance obligations

Step 5: Recognize revenue when the performance
obligation is satisfied.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when
control of the products being sold is transferred
to our customer and when there are no longer
any unfulfilled obligations. The performance
obligations in our contracts are fulfilled at the time
of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer
acceptance depending on terms with customers.

Revenue is measured on the basis of contracted
price, after deduction of any trade discounts,
volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected
on behalf of the Government such as Goods and
Services Tax, etc. Accumulated experience is used
to estimate the provision for such discounts and
rebates. Revenue is only recognised to the extent
that it is highly probable a significant reversal will
not occur.

Revenue from sale of services is recognised upon
rendering the services based on agreements/
arrangements with the concerned parties. For
fixed price contracts, revenue is recognised
based on the actual service provided to the end
of the reporting period as a proportion of the

total services to be provided overtime since the
Company''s performance does not create an asset
with an alternative use to the Company and the
Company has an enforceable right to payment for
performance completed to date.

(i) Other income:

I nterest income is recognised using the effective
interest method.

The effective interest method is a method
of calculating the amortised cost of a debt
instrument and of allocating interest income over
the relevant period. The effective interest rate is
the rate that exactly discounts estimated future
cash receipts (including all fees paid or received
that form an integral part of the effective interest
rate, transaction costs and other premiums or
discounts) through the expected life of the debt
instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period,
to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.

I ncome from export incentives is recognised on
accrual basis to the extent the ultimate realisation
is reasonably certain.

(j) Employee benefits
Defined benefit plans

The Company''s gratuity scheme is a defined
benefit plan. The Company''s net obligation in
respect of the gratuity benefit scheme is calculated
by estimating the amount of future benefit that
employees have earned in return for their service
in the current and prior periods; that benefit is
discounted to determine its present value, and
the fair value of any plan assets is deducted. The
present value of the obligation under such defined
benefit plans is determined based on actuarial
valuation using the Projected Unit Credit Method,
which recognises each period of service as
giving rise to additional unit of employee benefit
entitlement and measures each unit separately
to build up the final obligation. The obligation is
measured at the present value of the estimated
future cash flows.

The discount rates used for determining the
present value of the obligation under defined
benefit plans, are based on the market yields
on Government securities as at the Balance
Sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are
recognised in other comprehensive income, net
of taxes, for the period in which they occur. All

the expenses that relate to the defined benefit
plan are recognised in Statement of Profit and
Loss. The Company recognises gains and
losses on curtailment or settlement of a defined
benefit plan when the curtailment or settlement
occurs, in the Statement of Profit and Loss.
The obligation under the defined benefit plan is
measured after taking into account changes in
legislation as have been enacted up to the Balance
Sheet date.

Defined contribution plans

The Company''s contribution towards employee''s
provident fund and employee state insurance
scheme are defined contribution plans. The
Company makes specified monthly contributions
towards employee provident fund and employee
state insurance scheme. The Company''s
contribution paid/payable under the schemes is
recognised as employee benefits expense in the
Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in
which the employee renders the related service.

Compensated absences

The obligation towards the same is measured at
the expected cost of accumulating compensated
absences as the additional amount expected to be
paid as a result of the unused entitlement as at
the year end. The Company''s liability is actuarially
determined (using the Projected Unit Credit
method) at the end of each year. Actuarial losses/
gains are recognized in the Statement of Profit
and Loss in the year in which they arise.

Other benefits

The Company has other long-term employee
benefit plan in the form of retention bonus for those
employees, who are identified to ensure continuity
of special projects / tasks / activities. This amount
will be payable on completion of their three years
of service payable in 37^th and 40^th month salary
equally. Liability for the same is provided on the
basis of valuation, as at the Balance Sheet date,
carried out by independent actuary.

Short-term employee benefits

All employee benefits payable wholly within twelve
months of rendering the service are classified as
short-term employee benefits expense. Benefits
such as salaries and performance incentives,
are charged to statement of profit and loss on
an undiscounted, accrual basis during the period

of service rendered by the employees in the
financial year.

(k) Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs that are attributable to the
acquisition, construction, or production of a
qualifying asset are capitalised as a part of the
cost of such asset till such time the asset is ready
for its intended use or sale. A qualifying asset is
an asset that necessarily requires a substantial
period of time (generally over twelve months) to
get ready for its intended use or sale.

All other borrowing costs are recognised as
expense in the period in which they are incurred.

(l) Foreign currency

Indian Rupee is the Company''s functional as well
as presentation currency.

- Initial recognition

Transactions in foreign currencies entered
into by the Company are accounted at
the exchange rates prevailing on the date
of transaction or at rates that closely
approximate the rate at the date of the
transaction.

- Measurement of monetary items

denominated in foreign currency at the
Balance Sheet date.

Monetary items denominated in foreign

currency (other than those related to

acquisition of property plant and equipment)
of the Company outstanding at the Balance
Sheet date are restated at the year-end rates.

Non monetary foreign currency items that
are measured based on historical cost are
translated at the exchange rate at the date
of the transaction. Non-monetary assets
and liabilities that are measured at fair value
in a foreign currency are translated into the
functional currency at the exchange rate
when the fair value was determined.

- Treatment of exchange differences

Exchange differences arising on foreign
currency transactions settled during the year
are recognised in the Statement of Profit
and Loss.

The translation differences on monetary
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign
currencies are recognised in the Statement
of Profit and Loss.

(m) Income tax

Income tax expense comprises current and
deferred tax.

Current tax

Provision for current tax is recognised in
accordance with the provisions of Income-tax
Act, 1961 and is made annually based on the tax
liability after taking credit for tax allowances and
exemptions. It is measured using tax rates enacted
or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if
there is a legally enforceable right to set off the
recognised amounts, and it is intended to realise
the asset and settle the liability on a net basis or
simultaneously.

Deferred taxes

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary
differences between the carrying amount of assets
and liabilities for financial reporting purpose
and the amount considered for tax purpose.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused
tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible
temporary differences to the extent that it is
probable that future taxable profits will be available
against which they can be utilized. Deferred tax
assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are
reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable
that sufficient taxable profit will be available to
allow the benefit of part or all of that deferred tax
asset to be utilized. Such reductions are reversed
when it becomes probable that sufficient taxable
profits will be available.

Unrecognized deferred tax assets are

reassessed at each reporting date and
recognised to the extent that it has become
probable that future taxable profits will be
available against which they can be recovered.
Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are
expected to be applied to temporary differences
when they reverse, using tax rates enacted
or substantively enacted by the end of the
reporting year.

The measurement of deferred tax assets and
liabilities reflects the tax consequences that would
follow from the manner in which the Company
expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle
the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if:

• the entity has a legally enforceable right to
set off current tax assets against current tax
liabilities; and

• the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax
liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the
same taxation authority on the same taxable
entity.

Current and deferred tax for the reporting period

Current and deferred tax are recognised in the
Statement of Profit and Loss, except when
they relate to items that are recognised in other
comprehensive income or directly in equity,
in which case the taxes are also recognised
in other comprehensive income or directly in
equity respectively.

(n) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are computed by
dividing the net profit or loss for the year after tax
by the weighted average number of equity shares
outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings
per share is computed by dividing the net profit for
the year after tax for the year by the weighted
average number of equity shares outstanding
during the year as adjusted for the effects of all
dilutive potential equity shares except where
the results are anti-dilutive.

(o) Segment reporting

The Company is primarily engaged in the business
of manufacturing off-highway equipments,
parts and components. Operating segments
are defined as components of an enterprise
for which discrete financial information is
available that is evaluated regularly by the chief
operating decision maker, in deciding how to
allocate resources and assessing performance.
The reporting of segment information is the same
as provided to the management for the purpose
of the performance assessment and resource
allocation to the segments. Segment revenue,

segment expenses, segment assets and segment
liabilities have been identified to segments on
the basis of their relationship to the operating
activities of the segment. Inter segment revenue is
accounted on the basis of transactions which are
primarily determined based on market/fair value
factors. Revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities
which relate to the Company as a whole and are
not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis
have been included under "unallocated revenue/
expenses/assets/liabilities."

(p) Recent pronouncements1. Ind AS 1, Presentation Of Financial
Statements, w.e.f. 1^st April, 2025 -

The amendment relates to classification
of liabilities as current or non -current and
non- Current liabilities with covenants. In the
context of classifying a liability as current,
it removes the requirement of existence of
a right to defer settlement for at least 12
months after the reporting date, and instead
requires that the said right should exist on
the reporting date and have substance. The
amendment also introduces guidance on
classification of liabilities with covenants.

2. Ind AS 107, Financial Instruments:
Disclosures, w.e.f. 1^st April, 2025 -

The amendment introduces enhanced
disclosure requirements for supplier finance
arrangements (such as supply-chain finance
or reverse factoring). Entities are required to
disclose information that enables users of
financial statements to assess the effects of
such arrangements on the entity''s liabilities,
cash flows and exposure to liquidity risk. The
disclosures Include the nature and terms
of the arrangements, the carrying amounts
of related financial liabilities, the portion
for which suppliers have already been paid
by finance providers, and a comparison
of payment terms under supplier finance
arrangements with those of normal
trade payables.

These amendments do not have material
impact on the Company''s operations or
financial statements.

4.1 There are no impairment losses recognised during the years ended 31^st March, 2026 and 31^st March, 2025.

4.2 The Company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment as on each reporting year and therefore Schedule III
disclosure requirements with respect to fair value details is not applicable.

4.3 The title deeds of all immovable properties (other than properties where the Company is the lessee and the lease
agreements are duly executed in the favor of the lessee) are held in the name of the Company.

4.4 The Company has created first pari passu charge on entire property, plant and equipments (except land & building) against
borrowings. Refer Note 16.

(a) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts

(b) The Company has ongoing disputes with Income Tax Authorities relating to tax treatment of certain items. These
mainly include disallowed expenses, tax treatment of certain expenses claimed by the Company as deductions and
such similar matters. Most of these disputes and/or disallowances, being repetitive in nature, have been raised by
the income tax authorities consistently in most of the years. The Company has a right of appeal to the Commissioner
of Income Tax (Appeals), or CIT (A), the Dispute Resolution Panel, or DRP, and to the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal,
or ITAT, against adverse decisions by the assessing officer, DRP or CIT (A), as applicable. The income tax authorities
have similar rights of appeal to the ITAT against adverse decisions by the CIT (A) or DRP The Company has a further
right of appeal to the High Court of Bombay or Supreme Court against adverse decisions by the appellate authorities
for matters involving substantial question of law. The income tax authorities have similar rights of appeal. The
amounts involved are based on the demand notices received by the Company.

33.1 The Company does not expect any outflow of economic resources in respect of the above and therefore no provision was
made in respect thereof.

34 SEGMENT INFORMATION

34.1 The Company is primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing off-highway equipments, parts and components.
In view of the same, the entire business has been considered as a single segment in terms of Ind AS 108 on Operating
Segments. The Company has identified one operating segment which is consistent with the internal reporting provided to
the Board of Directors, who has been identified as the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM is responsible
for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segment of the Company.

34.3 Information about major customers

Included in revenue arising from sales of goods of '' 10,906.88 Million (year ended 31^st March, 2025: '' 7,671.20 Million)
which arose from sales to its major customers which accounts for 48.93% (year ended 31^st March, 2025: 43.02%) of the
total revenue from operations.

35 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS35.1 Defined contribution plans:

The Company participates in Provident fund as defined contribution plans on behalf of relevant personnel. Any expense
recognised in relation to provident fund represents the value of contributions payable during the period by the Company
at rates specified by the rules of provident fund. The only amounts included in the balance sheet are those relating to the
prior months contributions that were not paid until after the end of the reporting period.

(a) Provident fund and Employee State Insurance Scheme

In accordance with the Employee''s Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, eligible employees of
the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined contribution plan, in which both
employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees''
salary. The contributions, as specified under the law, are made to the provident fund administered and managed by
Government of India (GOI). The Company has no further obligations under the fund managed by the GOI beyond
its monthly contributions which are charged to the statement of Profit and Loss in the period they are incurred. The
benefits are paid to employees on their retirement or resignation from the Company.

Contribution to defined contribution plans, recognised in the statement of profit and loss under employee benefits
expense, are as under:

35.2 Defined benefit plans:(a) Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a unfunded defined benefit retirement plan covering all employees.
The plan provides for lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement or at death while in employment or on
termination of the employment of an amount equivalent to 15 days salary, as applicable, payable for each completed
year of service. Vesting occurs upon completion of five years of service. The Company accounts for the liability for
gratuity benefits payable in the future based on an actuarial valuation. The Company does not make contributions to
any funds.

The most recent actuarial valuation of the present value of the defined benefit obligation was carried out for the
period ended 31^st March, 2026 by an independent actuary. The present value of the defined benefit obligation, and the
related current service cost and past service cost, were measured using the projected unit credit method.

(A) Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are
detailed below:

(1) Actuarial Risk:

It is the risk that benefits will cost more than expected. This can arise due to one of the following reasons:
Adverse Salary Growth Experience: Salary hikes that are higher than the assumed salary escalation will result into an
increase in Obligation at a rate that is higher than expected.

Variability in mortality rates: If actual mortality rates are higher than assumed mortality rate assumption than the Gratuity
Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. Since there is no condition of vesting on the death benefit, the acceleration of
cashflow will lead to an actuarial loss or gain depending on the relative values of the assumed salary growth and discount rate.
Variability in withdrawal rates : If actual withdrawal rates are higher than assumed withdrawal rate assumption than
the Gratuity Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. The impact of this will depend on whether the benefits are
vested as at the resignation date.

(2) Liquidity Risk:

Employees with high salaries and long durations or those higher in hierarchy, accumulate significant level of benefits.
If some of such employees resign/retire from the Company there can be strain on the cashflows.

(3) Market Risk:

Market risk is a collective term for risks that are related to the changes and fluctuations of the financial markets. One
actuarial assumption that has a material effect is the discount rate. The discount ratereflectsthetimevalue of money.
An increase in discount rate leads to decrease in Defined Benefit Obligation of the plan benefits & vice versa. This
assumption depends on the yields on the corporate/government bonds and hence the valuation of liability is exposed
to fluctuations in the yields as at the valuation date.

(4) Legislative Risk:

Legislative risk is the risk of increase in the plan liabilities or reduction in the plan assets due to change in the
legislation/regulation. The government may amend the Payment of Gratuity Act thus requiring the companies to pay
higher benefits to the employees. This will directly affect the present value of the Defined Benefit Obligation and the
same will have to be recognized immediately in the year when any such amendment is effective.

entities (Funding Party) with the understanding
(whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the
Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other
persons or entities identified in any manner
whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding
Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on
behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries

g. The Company has not been declared wilful
defaulter by any bank or financial institution or
government or any government authority.

h. The Company has complied with the number of
layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013,
read with the Companies (Restriction on number
of Layers) Rules, 2017.

i. There are no loans or advances given to promoters,
directors, KMPs and related parties.

k. The Company does not have any unpaid dividend
and hence has not transferred any such account
to the Investor Education Protection Fund during
the year.

42 As per the MCA notification dated 5^th August, 2022,
the Central Government has notified the Companies
(Accounts) Fourth Amendment Rules, 2022. As per the
amended rules, the Companies are required to maintain
back-up of the books of account and other relevant
books and papers in electronic mode that should be
accessible in India at all the time. Also, the Companies
are required to create backup of accounts on servers
physically located in India on a daily basis.

The books of account along with other relevant
records and papers of the Company are maintained in
electronic mode. These are readily accessible in India
at all times. In relation to the audit trail, the same has
not been preserved as per the statutory requirements
for record retention for the period upto 31^st July, 2025.
The Company has implemented systems wherein
backup of books of account and other relevant books
and papers, on a daily basis is being maintained on a
server located physically within India, in compliance
with the statutory requirements with effect from
1^st August, 2025.

43 INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) -

The Company had completed its initial public offering
(IPO) comprising an offer for sale of 1,77,55,681 Equity
Shares bearing face value of '' 10 each for cash at a price
of '' 704 per Equity Share aggregating Rs, 12,500.00
Million (the "Offer") by Carraro International S.E. (the
"Promoter Selling Shareholder") which constituted
31.23% of the post-offer paid-up equity share capital
of the Company. The entire issued and fully paid-
up equity share capital of the Company comprising
56,851,538 Equity Shares bearing face value of '' 10
each was listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Limited (NSE) and BSE Limited (BSE) effective from
30^th December, 2024.

44 The Government of India has consolidated 29 existing
labour legislations into a unified framework comprising
four labour codes viz the Code on Wages, 2019, the
Code on Social Security, 2020, the Industrial Relations
Code/ 2020/ and the Occupational Safety, Health
and Working Conditions Code, 2020 (collectively
referred to as the "Codes"). The Codes have been
made effective from 21^st November, 2025. The
Ministry of Labour & Employment published draft
Central Rules and FAQs to enable assessment of
the financial impact due to changes in regulations.
The incremental impact of these changes, assessed by
the Company, on the basis of the information available,
consistent with the guidance provided by the Institute
of Chartered Accountants of India, is '' 88.72 Million
and has been recognised as exceptional item in the
standalone financial statement of the Company for
the year ended 31^st March, 2026. Once State Rules
are notified by the Government on all aspects of the
Codes the Company will evaluate impact if any, on the
measurement of employee benefits and would provide
appropriate accounting treatment.

45 The Company has a comprehensive system of
maintenance of information and document as required
by the transfer pricing legislation under section 92-92F
of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Since the law requires the
existence of such information and documentation to
be contemporaneous in nature, the Company appoints
independent consultant for conducting a Transfer
Pricing Study to determine whether the transaction
with Associated enterprises are undertake, during the
financial year, are on "arm''s length basis". Adjustment,
if any, arising from the transfer pricing study shall be
accounted for as and when the study is completed for
the current financial year. However, the management is
of the opinion that its international transaction are at
arm''s length so that aforesaid legislation will not have
any impact on the financial statements, particularly
on the amount of tax expenses and that of provision
for taxation.

4.1 There are no impairment losses recognised during the years ended 31^s* March, 2025 and 31^s* March, 2024.

4.2 The Company has not revalued its property, plant and equipment as on each reporting year and therefore Schedule III disclosure requirements with respect to fair value details is not applicable.

4.3 The title deeds of all immovable properties (other than properties where the Company is the lessee and the lease agreements are duly executed in the favour of the lessee) are held in the name of the Company.

4.4 The Company has created first pari passu charge on entire property, plant and equipments (except land & building) against borrowings. Refer Note 15.

11.1 The average credit period on sales of goods is 30-60 days.

11.2 Details of trade receivables from directors or other officers of the Company or any of them either severally or jointly with any other person or from firms or private companies respectively in which any director is a partner or a director or a member:

11.3 Loss allowances on trade receivables are measured using simplified approach. The Company recognises a loss allowance based on lifetime ECLs at each reporting date. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its specific analysis and historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment.

13.5 During the period of five years immediately preceding the date as at which the Balance Sheet is prepared:

No shares have been allotted for consideration other than cash by the Company. The Company has not issued bonus shares for the last five years.

13.6 There are no calls unpaid.

13.7 There are no forfeited shares.

Retained earnings are the profits that the Company has earned till date less any transfers to General Reserve, dividends or other distributions to shareholders. Retained earnings is a free reserve available to the Company. Other Comprehensive income includes re-measurement (loss)/gain on defined benefit plans, net of taxes that will not be reclassified to the statement of profit and loss.

15.2 Working capital facilities from banks are secured by pari passu first charge on movable current assets, cash, inventory and book debts of the Company, both present and future. Interest rate on Rupee working capital facility from bank is linked to the respective bank base rate and agreed spread and on working capital in foreign currency.

16.3 The Company has taken vehicles on lease for a lease term of 4 years (Remaining lease term as on 31^st March, 2025: 1 years; 31^st March, 2024: 2 years). In current year company has taken Solar power plant and Vehicles on lease term of 15 years and 5 years (Remaining lease term as on 31^st March, 2025: 14 years and 4 years)

* First pari passu charge on entire property, plant and equipments (except land & building) and movable assets of the Company present and future. Interest rate on rupee loans varies in the range of 8.65% to 10.20%.

# Includes accrued interest on long term borrowing of '' 3.57 Million (March 2024 : '' 2.51 Million)

## Second charge on entire current assets of the Company present and future. Interest rate on Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme rupee loan is 9.25%.

**Interest rate on Unsecured foreign currency loan from related party is EURIBOR 4.5%.

16.6 The total cash outflows for leases during the period amounts to '' 15.48 Million (31^st March, 2024: '' 0.67 Million) (includes cash outflow for short term and long term leases).

16.7 The Company does not face a significant liquidity risk with regard to its lease liabilities as the current assets are sufficient to meet the obligations related to lease liabilities as and when they fall due.

16.8 The incremental borrowing rate applied to lease liabilities is in the range of 7.83% per annum to 9.75% per annum based on the lease term.

17.3 Product warranties: The Company gives warranties on its products, undertaking to repair or replace the items that fail to perform satisfactorily during the warranty period and beyond the warranty period at the discretion of the Company. Provisions made as at 31^st March, 2025 and 31^st March, 2024 represents the amount of the expected cost of meeting such obligations of rectification/replacement. The final determination of the amount will depend upon the receipt of claim and its settlement thereof. The classification of the provision reflects the expected timing of cash outflow.

17.5 Provision for contingencies are on account of certain legal matters where the Company anticipates probable outflow. The amount of provision is based on estimates made by the Company considering the facts and circumstances of each case. The timing and amount of cash flow that will arise from these matters will be determined by the relevant authorities only on settlement of these cases.

# The tax rate used for the reconciliations above is the corporate tax rate plus surcharge (as applicable) on corporate tax, education cess and secondary and higher education cess on corporate tax, payable by corporate entities in India on taxable profits under Income-Tax Act, 1961.

I n pursuance of Section 115BAA of the Income-Tax Act, 1961 announced by the Government of India through Taxation Laws (Amendment) Ordinance, 2019, the Company has opted for irrevocable option of shifting to lower tax rate w.e.f FY 2019-20.

30.4 The Company does not have any transaction which is not recorded in the books of account that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during any of the above years in the tax assessments under the Income-Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income-Tax Act, 1961).

(a) Claims against the Company not acknowledged as debts

(b) The Company has ongoing disputes with Income Tax Authorities relating to tax treatment of certain items. These mainly include disallowed expenses, tax treatment of certain expenses claimed by the Company as deductions and such similar matters. Most of these disputes and/or disallowances, being repetitive in nature, have been raised by the income tax authorities consistently in most of the years. The Company has a right of appeal to the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals), or CIT(A), the Dispute Resolution Panel, or DRP and to the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, or ITAT, against adverse decisions by the assessing officer, DRP or CIT(A), as applicable. The income tax authorities have similar rights of appeal to the ITAT against adverse decisions by the CIT(A) or DRP The Company has a further right of appeal to the High Court of Bombay or Supreme Court against adverse decisions by the appellate authorities for matters involving substantial question of law. The income tax authorities have similar rights of appeal. The amounts involved are based on the demand notices received by the Company.

32.1 The Company does not expect any outflow of economic resources in respect of the above and therefore no provision was made in respect thereof.

33 SEGMENT INFORMATION

33.1 The Company is primarily engaged in the business of manufacturing automotive equipments, parts and components. In view of the same, the entire business has been considered as a single segment in terms of Ind AS 108 on Operating Segments. The Company has identified one operating segment which is consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Board of Directors, who has been identified as the chief operating decision maker ("CODM"). The CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segment of the Company.

33.2 Geographical information

The Company operates in two geographical environment i.e. in India and outside India.

The Company’s revenue from continuing operations from external customers by location of operations and information about its non-current assets by location of assets are detailed below:

33.3 Information about major customers

I ncluded in revenue arising from sales of goods of '' 7,671.20 Million (year ended 31^st March, 2024: '' 5,944.82 Million) which arose from sales to its major customers which accounts for 43.02% (year ended 31^st March, 2024: 33.53%) of the total revenue from operations.

34 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS 34.1 Defined contribution plans:

The Company participates in Provident fund as defined contribution plans on behalf of relevant personnel. Any expense recognised in relation to provident fund represents the value of contributions payable during the period by the Company at rates specified by the rules of provident fund. The only amounts included in the balance sheet are those relating to the prior months contributions that were not paid until after the end of the reporting period.

(a) Provident fund and Employee State Insurance Scheme

I n accordance with the Employee’s Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952, eligible employees of the Company are entitled to receive benefits in respect of provident fund, a defined contribution plan, in which both employees and the Company make monthly contributions at a specified percentage of the covered employees’ salary. The contributions, as specified under the law, are made to the provident fund administered and managed by Government of India (GOI). The Company has no further obligations under the fund managed by the GOI beyond its monthly contributions which are charged to the statement of Profit and Loss in the period they are incurred. The benefits are paid to employees on their retirement or resignation from the Company.

Contribution to defined contribution plans, recognised in the statement of profit and loss under employee benefits expense, are as under:

34.2 Defined benefit plans:

(a) Gratuity

The Company has an obligation towards gratuity, a unfunded defined benefit retirement plan covering all employees. The plan provides for lump sum payment to vested employees at retirement or at death while in employment or on termination of the employment of an amount equivalent to 15 days salary, as applicable, payable for each completed year of service. Vesting occurs upon completion of five years of service. The Company accounts for the liability for gratuity benefits payable in the future based on an actuarial valuation. The Company does not make contributions to any funds.

The most recent actuarial valuation of the present value of the defined benefit obligation was carried out for the period ended 31^st March, 2025 by an independent actuary. The present value of the defined benefit obligation, and the related current service cost and past service cost, were measured using the projected unit credit method.

(A) Through its defined benefit plans, the Company is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed below:

(1) Actuarial Risk:

It is the risk that benefits will cost more than expected. This can arise due to one of the following reasons:

Adverse Salary Growth Experience: Salary hikes that are higher than the assumed salary escalation will result into an increase in Obligation at a rate that is higher than expected.

Variability in mortality rates: If actual mortality rates are higher than assumed mortality rate assumption than the Gratuity Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. Since there is no condition of vesting on the death benefit, the acceleration of cashflow will lead to an actuarial loss or gain depending on the relative values of the assumed salary growth and discount rate.

Variability in withdrawal rates : If actual withdrawal rates are higher than assumed withdrawal rate assumption than the Gratuity Benefits will be paid earlier than expected. The impact of this will depend on whether the benefits are vested as at the resignation date.

(2) Liquidity Risk:

Employees with high salaries and long durations or those higher in hierarchy, accumulate significant level of benefits. If some of such employees resign/retire from the Company there can be strain on the cashflows.

(3) Market Risk:

Market risk is a collective term for risks that are related to the changes and fluctuations of the financial markets. One actuarial assumption that has a material effect is the discount rate. The discount ratereflectsthetimevalue of money. An increase in discount rate leads to decrease in Defined Benefit Obligation of the plan benefits & vice versa. This assumption depends on the yields on the corporate/government bonds and hence the valuation of liability is exposed to fluctuations in the yields as at the valuation date.

(4) Legislative Risk:

Legislative risk is the risk of increase in the plan liabilities or reduction in the plan assets due to change in the legislation/regulation. The government may amend the Payment of Gratuity Act thus requiring the companies to pay higher benefits to the employees. This will directly affect the present value of the Defined Benefit Obligation and the same will have to be recognised immediately in the year when any such amendment is effective.

(I) Sensitivity analysis

A description of methods used for sensitivity analysis and its Limitations:

Sensitivity analysis is performed by varying a single parameter while keeping all the other parameters unchanged. Sensitivity analysis fails to focus on the interrelationship between underlying parameters. Hence, the results may vary if two or more variables are changed simultaneously. The method used does not indicate anything about the likelihood of change in any parameter and the extent of the change if any. There was no change in the methods and assumptions used in the preparation of the Sensitivity Analysis from previous year.

36.3 Financial risk management objectives

The Company’s principal financial liabilities comprise borrowings, lease liabilities, trade and other payables. The main purpose of these financial liabilities is to finance and support the Company’s operations. The Company’s principal financial assets comprise cash and bank balance, trade and other receivables that derive directly from its operations.

The Company is exposed to various financial risks such as market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company’s senior management team oversees the management of these risks. The Board of Directors review and agree policies for managing each of these risks, which are summarised below:

(i) Market risk

Market risk is a collective term for risks that are related to the changes and fluctuations of the financial markets. One actuarial assumption that has a material effect is the discount rate. The discount rate reflects the time value of money. An increase in discount rate leads to decrease in Defined Benefit Obligation of the plan benefits & vice versa. This assumption depends on the yields on the corporate/government bonds and hence the valuation of liability is exposed to fluctuations in the yields as at the valuation date.

The sensitivity of the relevant profit or loss item is the effect of the assumed changes in respective

market risks. This is based on the financial assets and financial liabilities held at 31^st March, 2025 and 31^st March, 2024.

a. Interest rate risk:

I nterest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s long-term debt obligations with floating interest rates. The Company’s borrowings also includes a foreign currency loan from its related party which bear a floating interest rate.

The Company’s borrowings comprise of loans from related parties which bear a floating rate of interest.

b. Foreign currency risk:

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company’s operating activities denominated in foreign currency and thus the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to trade payables and receivables. The year end unhedged foreign currency exposures are given below:

c. Commodity price risk

The Company’s operating activities require the ongoing purchase of various commodities for manufacture of automotive parts. However, the movement in commodity prices are substantially adjusted through price differences as per customer contracts and hence commodity price risk for the Company is also considered to be low.

(ii) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract, leading to a financial loss. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables).

a. Trade receivables

The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with counterparties that have sufficient credit rating. Credit risk is managed through credit approvals, establishing credit limits and continuously monitoring the credit worthiness of customers to which the Company grants credit terms in the normal course of business. On account of adoption of Ind AS 109, the Company uses expected credit loss model to assess the impairment loss or gain. The Company has applied a simplified approach under Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of impairment losses on trade receivables.

b. Financial instruments and cash deposits

Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Company’s i n accordance wi th the Company’s poli cy. Investments of surplus funds are made only with approved counterparties and within credit limits assigned to each counterparty. Counterparty credit limits are reviewed by the Company’s Board of Directors on an annual basis and may be updated throughout the year subject to approval of the Company’s Finance Committee. The limits are set to minimise the concentration of risks and therefore mitigate financial loss through a counterparty’s potential failure to make payments.

(iii) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. Cash flow from operating activities provides the funds to service the financial liabilities on a day-to-day basis. The Company regularly monitors the rolling forecasts to ensure it has sufficient cash on an on-going basis to meet operational needs.

The above table details the Company’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The amount disclosed in the table have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Company can be required to pay.

36.4 Disclosure relating to Derivatives and Forward Contracts

The Company enters into Derivative contracts to offset the foreign currency risk arising from the amounts denominated in currencies other than the Indian rupee. The counter party to the Company’s foreign currency contracts is generally a bank. These contracts are entered into to hedge the foreign currency risks of firm commitments and highly probable forecast transactions. These contracts include contracts entered under Past Performance facility as well as under contracted exposures. Mark to market gain/(loss) of '' 25.28 Million and '' (13.08) milions is recognised in the statement of Profit and Loss for year then ended 31^st March, 2025 and 31^st March, 2024 respectively.

40 ADDITIONAL REGULATORY INFORMATION AS REQUIRED BY SCHEDULE III TO THE COMPANIES ACT, 2013

a. The Company does not have any benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any benami property.

b. The Company has not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during each reporting period.

c. There were no Scheme of Arrangements entered by the Company during each reporting period, which required approval from the Competent Authority in terms of sections 230 to 237 of the Companies Act, 2013.

d. The Company does not have any transactions with struck off Companies.

e. The Company has not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries.

f. The Company has not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the ultimate beneficiaries

g. The Company has not been declared wilful defaulter by any bank or financial institution or government or any government authority.

h. The Company has complied with the number of layers prescribed under the Companies Act, 2013, read with the Companies (Restriction on number of Layers) Rules, 2017.

i. There are no loans or advances given to promoters, directors, KMPs and related parties.

j. There are no charges or satisfaction which are yet to be registered with the Registrar of Companies beyond the statutory period.

k. The Company does not have any unpaid dividend and hence has not transferred any such account to the Investor Education Protection Fund during the year.

41 As per the MCA notification dated 5^th August, 2022, the Central Government has notified the Companies (Accounts) Fourth Amendment Rules, 2022. As per the amended rules, the Companies are required to maintain back-up of the books of account and other relevant books and papers in electronic mode that should be accessible in India at all the time. Also, the Companies are required to create backup of accounts on servers physically located in India on a daily basis.

The books of account along with other relevant records and papers of the Company are maintained in electronic mode. These are readily accessible in India at all times and currently a backup is maintained on a server located outside India. Additionally, the audit trail has not been preserved as per the statutory requirements for record retention. The Company is in the process of complying with the requirement of maintaining servers physically located in India for back-up of books of account and other relevant books and papers, on a daily basis, pursuant to the amendment and for preservation of audit trail.

42 INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING (IPO) -

The Company had completed its initial public offering (IPO) comprising an offer for sale of 1,77,55,681 Equity Shares bearing face value of '' 10 each for cash at a price of '' 704 per Equity Share aggregating '' 12,500.00 Million (the "Offer") by Carraro International S.E. (the "Promoter Selling Shareholder") which constituted 31.23% of the post-offer paid-up equity share capital of the Company. The entire issued and fully paid-up equity share capital of the Company comprising 56,851,538 Equity Shares bearing face value of '' 10 each was listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and BSE Limited (BSE) effective from 30^th December, 2024.

43 The Company has a comprehensive system of maintenance of information and document as required by the transfer pricing legislation under section 92-92F of the Income-Tax Act, 1961. Since the law requires the existence of such information and documentation to be contemporaneous in nature, the Company appoints independent consultant for conducting a Transfer Pricing Study to determine whether the transaction with Associated enterprises

are undertake, during the financial year, are on "arm’s length basis". Adjustment, if any, arising from the transfer pricing study shall be accounted for as and when the study is completed for the current financial year. However, the management is of the opinion that its international transaction are at arm’s length so that aforesaid legislation will not have any impact on the financial statements, particularly on the amount of tax expenses and that of provision for taxation.

44 DIVIDEND

The Board of Directors have proposed a dividend of '' 4.55 per share on equity share of '' 10 each i.e. 45.50% subject to the approval of members of the Company at the forthcoming Annual general Meeting. When approved by the members of the Company, this will involve payout of '' 258.56 Million.

45 SIGNIFICANT EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

The Company has no significant events after the balance sheet date.