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ಕಂಪನಿಯ ಅಕೌಂಟಿಗ್ ಪಾಲಿಸಿ Hindustan Unilever Ltd.

Mar 31, 2023

historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.

I nformation about critical judgements in applying accounting policies, as well as estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are included in the following notes:

a. Measurement of defined benefit obligations

- Note 39

b. Measurement and likelihood of occurrence of provisions and contingencies - Notes 21 and 24

c. Recognition of deferred tax assets -Note 9

d. Key assumptions used in discounted cash flow projections - Note 41

e. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible assets

- Note 4

f. Indefinite useful life of certain intangible assets

- Note 4

g. Measurement of Right of Use Asset and Lease liabilities - Note 3 and Note 19

h. Measurement of non-current financial liability on acquisition - Note 20

NOTE 1 COMPANY INFORMATION

Hindustan Unilever Limited (the ''Company'') is a public limited company domiciled in India with its registered office located at Unilever House, B.D. Sawant Marg, Chakala, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 099. The Company is listed on the BSE Limited and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE). The Company is in the Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) business comprising primarily of Home Care, Beauty & Personal Care and Foods & Refreshment segments. The Company has manufacturing facilities across the country and sells primarily in India.

NOTE 2 BASIS OF PREPARATION, MEASUREMENT AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 2.1 Basis of Preparation and Measurement (a) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ''Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the standalone financial statements.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, paragraph 66 and 69 of Ind AS 1 and other criteria as set out in the Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it is

a. Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle:

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading;

c. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or

d. Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is treated as current when

a. It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle;

b. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;

c. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian Rupee (INR), the functional currency of the Company. Items included in the standalone financial statements of the Company are recorded using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (the ''functional currency''). Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses from settlement of these transactions are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, the gain or loss arising from such translations are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

The expenses in standalone statement of profit and loss are net of reimbursements (individually not material) received from Group Companies.

The Company has decided to round off the figures to the nearest crores. Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0" in the relevant notes to these financial statements.

The standalone financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31st March, 2023 were approved for issue in accordance with the resolution of the Board of Directors on 27th April, 2023.

(b) Basis of measurement

These financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention except for certain class of financial assets/ liabilities, share based payments and net liability for defined benefit plans that are measured at fair value.

The accounting policies adopted are the same as those which were applied for the previous financial year.

2.2 Key Accounting Estimates and Judgements

The preparation of standalone financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions in the application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the estimation and judgements based on

2.4 Recent Accounting Developments

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), vide notification dated 31st March, 2023, has made the following amendments to Ind AS which are effective 1st April, 2023:

a. Amendments to Ind AS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements where the companies are now required to disclose material accounting policies rather than their significant accounting policies.

b. Amendments to Ind AS 8, Accounting policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors where the definition of ''change in account estimate'' has been replaced by revised definition of ''accounting estimate''.

c. Amendments to Ind AS 12, Income Taxes where the scope of Initial Recognition Exemption (IRE) has been narrowed down.

Based on preliminary assessment, the Company does not expect these amendments to have any significant impact on its standalone financial statements.

2.5 Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the standalone financial statements have been included in the relevant notes to the standalone financial statements.

NOTE 3 PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT AND CAPITAL WORK-IN-PROGRESS

As at As at

31st March, 2023 31st March, 2022

Owned Assets ^^^^^^5,080 4,810

Leased Assets 1,109 1,003

Total Property, plant and equipment 6,189 5,813

Total Capital work-in-progress 1,020 901


Mar 31, 2022

(All amounts in '' crores, unless otherwise stated) (All amounts in '' crores, unless otherwise stated)

NOTE 1 COMPANY INFORMATION

Hindustan Unilever Limited (the ''Company'') is a public limited company domiciled in India with its registered office located at Unilever House, B.D. Sawant Marg, Chakala, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 099. The Company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE). The Company is in the Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) business comprising primarily of Home Care, Beauty & Personal Care and Foods & Refreshment segments. The Company has manufacturing facilities across the country and sells primarily in India.

NOTE 2 BASIS OF PREPARATION, MEASUREMENT AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES2.1 Basis of Preparation and Measurement (a) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ''Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 as amended from time to time.

The standalone financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the standalone financial statements.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle, paragraph 66 and 69 of Ind AS 1 and other criteria as set out in the Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.

An asset is treated as current when it is

a. Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in normal operating cycle:

b. Held primarily for the purpose of trading;

c. Expected to be realised within twelve months after the reporting period; or

d. Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is treated as current when

a. It is expected to be settled in normal operating cycle;

b. It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;

c. It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

d. There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

All other liabilities are classified as non-current.

Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

The standalone financial statements are presented in Indian National Rupee (INR), the functional currency of the Company. Items included in the standalone financial statements of the Company are recorded using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (the ''functional currency''). Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses from settlement of these transactions are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, the gain or loss arising from such translations are recognised in the standalone statement of profit and loss.

The expenses in standalone statement of profit and loss are net of reimbursements (individually not material) received from Group Companies.

The Company has decided to round off the figures to the nearest crores. Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0" in the relevant notes to these financial statements.

The standalone financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31st March, 2022 were approved for issue in accordance with the resolution of the Board of Directors on 27th April, 2022.

(b) Basis of measurement

These financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention except for certain class of

financial assets/ liabilities, share based payments and net liability for defined benefit plans that are measured at fair value.

The accounting policies adopted are the same as those which were applied for the previous financial year.

2.2 Key Accounting Estimates and Judgements

The preparation of standalone financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions in the application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the estimation and judgments based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised prospectively.

I nformation about critical judgments in applying accounting policies, as well as estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are included in the following notes:

a. Measurement of defined benefit obligations

- Note 39

b. Measurement and likelihood of occurrence of provisions and contingencies - Notes 21 and 24

c. Recognition of deferred tax assets -Note 9

d. Key assumptions used in discounted cash flow projections - Note 41

e. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible assets

- Note 4

f. Indefinite useful life of certain intangible assets

- Note 4

g. Measurement of Right of Use Asset and Lease liabilities - Note 3 and Note 19

2.3 Amendments to Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) issued notifications dated 24th March, 2021 to amend Schedule III of the Companies Act, 2013 to enhance the disclosures required to be made by the Company in its financial statements. These amendments are applicable to the Company for the financial year

starting 1st April, 2021 and applied to the standalone financial statements:

a. Lease liabilities separately disclosed under the head ''financial liabilities'', duly distinguished as current or non-current.

b. Certain additional disclosures in the standalone Statement of Changes in Equity such as changes in equity share capital due to prior period errors and restated balances at the beginning of the current reporting period.

c. Additional disclosure for shareholding of promoters.

d. Additional disclosure for ageing schedule of trade receivables, trade payables, capital work-in-progress.

e. Specific disclosure such as compliance with approved schemes of arrangements, compliance with number of layers of companies, title deeds of immovable property not held in the name of the Company, loans and advances to promoters, directors, key managerial personnel (KMP) and related parties etc.

f. Additional disclosures relating to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and undisclosed income.

2.4 Recent Accounting Developments

Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), vide notification dated 23rd March, 2022, has made the following amendments to Ind AS which are effective 1st April, 2022:

a. Ind AS 109: Annual Improvements to Ind AS (2021)

b. Ind AS 103: Reference to Conceptual Framework

c. Ind AS 37: Onerous Contracts - Costs of Fulfilling a Contract

d. Ind AS 16: Proceeds before intended use

Based on preliminary assessment, the Company does not expect these amendments to have any significant impact on its standalone financial statements.

2.5 Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of the standalone financial statements have been included in the relevant notes to the standalone financial statements.


Mar 31, 2021

Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at acquisition cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Cost of acquisition or construction of property, plant and equipment comprises its purchase price including import duties and non-refundable purchase taxes after deducting trade discounts and rebates, any directly attributable cost of bringing the item to its working condition for its intended use.

Property, plant and equipment acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date.

When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment having significant cost have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance cost are charged to the standalone Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which they are incurred.

Gains or losses arising on retirement or disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Property, plant and equipment which are not ready for intended use as on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Capital work-in-progress".

Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date is classified as capital advances under "Other Non-Current Assets".

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method based on estimated useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the following:

- plant and equipment is depreciated over 3 to 21 years based on the technical evaluation of useful life done by the management.

- assets costing ''5,000 or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

(b) Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets purchased are initially measured at cost.

The cost of an intangible asset comprises its purchase price including duties and taxes and any costs directly attributable to making the asset ready for their intended use.

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequently, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is recognised in statement of profit or loss as incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Finite-life intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of their estimated useful lives. Estimated useful lives by major class of finite-life intangible assets are as follows:

Design - 10 years

Know-how - 10 years

Computer software - 5 years

Trademarks - 5 years

Distribution network - 15 years

The amortisation period and the amortisation method for finite-life intangible assets is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Indefinite-life intangible assets comprises of trademarks and brands, for which there is no foreseeable limit to the period over which they are expected to generate net cash inflows. These are considered to have an indefinite life, given the strength and durability of the brands and the level of marketing support.

For indefinite life intangible assets, the assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether it continues, if not, it is impaired or changed prospectively basis revised estimates.

Goodwill is initially recognised based on the accounting policy for business combinations [refer note 2.4. (r)] and is tested for impairment annually.

(c) Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Venture:

I nvestments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Venture are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is computed on a weighted average basis.

Cost of raw materials and stores and spares includes cost of purchase and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The aforesaid items are valued at net realisable value if the finished products in which they are to be incorporated are expected to be sold at a loss.

Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress include all costs of purchases, conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents are cash, balances with bank and short-term (three months or less from the date of placement), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(f) Assets Held for Sale:

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ''held for sale'' when all the following criteria are met: (i) decision has been made to sell, (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition, (iii) the assets are being actively marketed and (iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as ''held for sale'' are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

(g) Financial Instruments:

Financial Assets:

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognised at fair value. In case of Financial assets which are recognised at fair value through profit and loss

(FVTPL), its transaction cost is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost is attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.

Financial assets are subsequently classified and measured at

- amortised cost

- fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except during the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

Trade Receivables and Loans:

Trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value. Subsequently, these assets are held at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate (EIR) method net of any expected credit losses. The EIR is the rate that discounts estimated future cash income through the expected life of financial instrument.

Debt Instruments:

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (''FVOCI'') or fair value through profit or loss (''FVTPL'') till derecognition on the basis of (i) the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and (ii) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the ''EIR'' method less impairment, if any. The amortisation of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI):

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal

and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognised in the other comprehensive income (OCI). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ''other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL):

A financial asset not classified as either amortised cost or FVOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognised as ''other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity Instruments:

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are initially measured at fair value, the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL.

The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognised as ''other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognised in OCI. Amounts recognised in OCI are not subsequently reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognised as ''other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company uses derivative financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency and commodity risks. Derivatives are measured at fair value. The treatment of changes in the value of derivative depends on their use as explained below:

Cash flow hedges:

Derivatives are held to hedge the uncertainty in timing or amount of future forecast cash flows. Such derivatives are classified as being part of cash flow hedge relationships. For an effective hedge, gains and losses from changes in the fair value of derivatives

are recognised in other comprehensive income. Any ineffective elements of the hedge are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

I f the hedged cash flow relates to a non-financial asset, the amount accumulated in equity is subsequently included within the carrying value of that asset. For other cash flow hedges, amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income are taken to the statement of profit and loss at the same time as the related cash flow.

When a derivative no longer qualifies for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss remains in equity until the related cash flow occurs. When the cash flow takes place, the cumulative gain or loss is taken to the statement of profit and loss. If the hedged cash flow is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss is taken to the statement of profit and loss immediately.

Derivatives for which hedge accounting is not applied

Derivative financial instruments for which hedge accounting is not applied are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered and are subsequently measured at FVTPL.

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset.

Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the balance sheet, if there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle them on a net basis or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously.

Impairment of Financial Asset

The Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of loss allowance on the following:

i. Trade receivables

ii. Financial assets measured at amortised cost (other than trade receivables)

iii. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI).

In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance.

In case of other assets (listed as ii and iii above), the Company determines if there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the financial asset since initial recognition. If the credit risk of such assets has not increased significantly, an amount equal to 12-month ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognised as loss allowance.

Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognising impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e. all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial asset. 12-month ECL are a portion of the lifetime ECL which result from default events that are possible within 12 months from the reporting date.

ECL are measured in a manner that they reflect unbiased and probability weighted amounts determined by a range of outcomes, taking into account the time value of money and other reasonable information available as a result of past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to measure lifetime ECL on its portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is prepared based on historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At each reporting date, the historically observed default rates and changes in the forward-looking estimates are updated.

ECL allowance recognised (or reversed) during the period is recognised as income/expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss under the head ''Other expenses''.

Write-off

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Company has no reasonable expectations of recovering the financial asset in its entirety or a portion thereof.

Financial Liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortised cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit and loss. In case of trade payables, they are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently, these liabilities are held at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires. The difference between the carrying value of the financial liability and the consideration paid is recognised in Statement of profit and loss.


Mar 31, 2019

1.1 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at acquisition cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Property, plant and equipment acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance cost are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which they are incurred.

Gains or losses arising on retirement or disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Property, plant and equipment which are not ready for intended use as on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as “Capital work-in-progress”.

Advances paid towards the acquisition of property, plant and equipment outstanding at each balance sheet date is classified as capital advances under “Other Non Current Assets”.

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight-line method based on estimated useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the following:

- plant and equipment is depreciated over 3 to 21 years based on the technical evaluation of useful life done by the management.

- assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

(b) Intangible Assets:

Intangible assets purchased are initially measured at cost. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequently, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Finite-life intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of their estimated useful lives. Estimated useful lives by major class of finite-life intangible assets are as follows:

Design - 10 years

Know-how - 10 years

Computer software - 5 years

Trademarks - 5 years

The amortisation period and the amortisation method for finite-life intangible assets is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

For indefinite life intangible assets, the assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether it continues, if not, it is impaired or changed prospectively basis revised estimates.

Goodwill is initially recognised based on the accounting policy for business combinations [refer note 2.4. (r)] and is tested for impairment annually.

(c) Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint

Ventures:

Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is computed on a weighted average basis. Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress include all costs of purchases, conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents are cash, balances with bank and short-term (three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(f) Assets Held for Sale:

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ‘held for sale’ when all the following criteria are met: (i) decision has been made to sell. (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition. (iii) the assets are being actively marketed and (iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as ‘held for sale’ are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortised.

(g) Financial Instruments:

Financial Assets:

Financial assets are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognised at fair value. In case of Financial assets which are recognised at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction cost is recognised in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost is attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.

Financial assets are subsequently classified and measured at

- amortised cost

- fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except during the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

Trade Receivables and Loans:

Trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value. Subsequently, these assets are held at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate (EIR) method net of any expected credit losses. The EIR is the rate that discounts estimated future cash income through the expected life of financial instrument.

Debt Instruments:

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortised cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVOCI’) or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL) till derecognition on the basis of (i) the company’s business model for managing the financial assets and (ii) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortised cost:

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate (‘EIR’) method less impairment, if any. The amortisation of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive

Income (FVOCI):

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ‘other income’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss

(FVTPL):

A financial asset not classified as either amortised cost or FVOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognised as ‘other income’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity Instruments:

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are initially measured at fair value, the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL.

The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognised as ‘other income’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognised in OCI. Amounts recognised in OCI are not subsequently reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognised as ‘other income’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risk. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Any changes therein are recognised in the statement of profit and loss. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset.

Impairment of Financial Asset

The Company applies expected credit loss (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of loss allowance on the following:

i. Trade receivables

ii. Financial assets measured at amortized cost (other than trade receivables)

iii. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance.

In case of other assets (listed as ii and iii above), the Company determines if there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the financial asset since initial recognition. If the credit risk of such assets has not increased significantly, an amount equal to 12-month ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance.

Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial asset. 12-month ECL are a portion of the lifetime ECL which result from default events that are possible within 12 months from the reporting date.

ECL are measured in a manner that they reflect unbiased and probability weighted amounts determined by a range of outcomes, taking into account the time value of money and other reasonable information available as a result of past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to measure lifetime ECL on its portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is prepared based on historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At each reporting date, the historically observed default rates and changes in the forward-looking estimates are updated.

ECL allowance recognised (or reversed) during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss under the head ‘Other expenses’.

Financial Liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortised cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit and loss. In case of trade payables, they are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently, these liabilities are held at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

(h) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or nonoccurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

(i) Revenue Recognition:

Effective April 1, 2018, the Company has applied Ind AS 115: Revenue from Contracts with Customers which establishes a comprehensive framework for determining whether, how much and when revenue is to be recognised. Ind AS 115 replaces Ind AS 18 Revenue. The impact of the adoption of the standard on the financial statements of the Company is insignificant.

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when control of the products being sold is transferred to our customer and when there are no longer any unfulfilled obligations.

The Performance Obligations in our contracts are fulfilled at the time of dispatch, delivery or upon formal customer acceptance depending on customer terms.

Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government such as goods and services tax, etc. Accumulated experience is used to estimate the provision for such discounts and rebates. Revenue is only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable a significant reversal will not occur.

Our customers have the contractual right to return goods only when authorised by the Company. An estimate is made of goods that will be returned and a liability is recognised for this amount using a best estimate based on accumulated experience.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed and there are no unfulfilled obligations.

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

(j) Government Grant:

The Company is entitled to ‘Scheme of budgetary support’ under Goods and Service Tax Regime in respect of eligible manufacturing units located in specified regions. Such grants are measured at amount receivable from the government and are recognised as other operating revenue when there is a reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with all necessary conditions attached to that.

Income from such grants is recognised on a systematic basis over the periods to which they relate.

(k) Expenditure:

Expenses are accounted on accrual basis.

(l) Employee Benefits:

Defined contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees’ state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation scheme, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company’s provident fund contribution, in respect of certain employees, is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

In respect of certain employees, provident fund contributions are made to a trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The liability in respect of the shortfall of interest earnings of the Fund is determined on the basis of an actuarial valuation. The Company also provides for retirement/ post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions (in respect of certain employees), compensated absences (in respect of certain employees) and medical benefits (in respect of certain employees) including to the employees of group companies.

For defined benefit plans, the amount recognised as ‘Employee benefit expenses’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss is the cost of accruing employee benefits promised to employees over the year and the costs of individual events such as past/future service benefit changes and settlements (such events are recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss). The amount of net interest expense calculated by applying the liability discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset is charged or credited to ‘Finance costs’ in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Any differences between the expected interest income on plan assets and the return actually achieved, and any changes in the liabilities over the year due to changes in actuarial assumptions or experience adjustments within the plans, are recognised immediately in ‘Other comprehensive income’ and subsequently not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The defined benefit plan surplus or deficit on the Balance Sheet date comprises fair value of plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit liabilities using a discount rate by reference to market yields on government bonds at the end of the reporting period.

All defined benefit plans obligations are determined based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The classification of the Company’s net obligation into current and non-current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits, in the nature of voluntary retirement benefits or termination benefits arising from restructuring, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company recognises termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates:

(a) when the Company can no longer withdraw the offer of those or

(b) when the Company recognises costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of Ind AS 37: Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and involves the payment of termination benefits.

Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present value.

Share-Based Payments

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments in consideration of the services rendered.Under the equity settled share based payment, the fair value on the grant date of the awards given to employees is recognised as ‘employee benefit expenses’ with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period. The fair value of the options at the grant date is calculated by an independent valuer basis Black Scholes model. At the end of each reporting period, apart from the non-market vesting condition, the expense is reviewed and adjusted to reflect changes to the level of options expected to vest. When the options are exercised, the Company issues fresh equity shares.

For cash-settled share-based payments, the fair value of the amount payable to employees is recognised as ‘employee benefit expenses’ with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period of non-market vesting conditions getting fulfilled. The liability is remeasured at each reporting period up to, and including the settlement date, with changes in fair value recognised in employee benefits expenses. Refer Note 41 for details.

(m) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets:

Assessment for impairment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that a non-financial asset may be impaired. Indefinite life intangible assets are subject to a review for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that it is necessary. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Company’s cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquire are assigned to those units.

If any indication of impairment exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the individual asset/cash generating unit is made. Asset/cash generating unit whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount by recognising the impairment loss as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill (if any) allocated to the cash generating unit and then to the other assets of the unit, pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset’s or cash generating unit’s fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset or cash generating unit and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased. Basis the assessment a reversal of an impairment loss for an asset other than goodwill is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss account.

(n) Income Taxes:

Income tax expense for the year comprises of current tax and deferred tax. It is recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent it relates to a business combination or to an item which is recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable/receivable on the taxable income/loss for the year using applicable tax rates for the relevant period, and any adjustment to taxes in respect of previous years. Interest expenses and penalties, if any, related to income tax are included in finance cost and other expenses respectively. Interest Income, if any, related to Income tax is included in Other Income.

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the corresponding amounts used for taxation purposes.

A deferred tax liability is recognised based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted, or substantively enacted, by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

(o) Leases:

Leases in which a substantial portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments and receipts under such leases are recognised to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless the lease payments to the lessor are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the lessor’s expected inflationary cost increases, in which case the same are recognised as an expense in line with the contractual term.

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the lessee.

(p) Foreign Currencies:

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses from settlement of these transactions are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated into functional currency at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, the gain or loss arising from such translations are recognised in the statement of profit & loss.

(q) Earnings Per Share:

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(r) Business Combination:

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition accounting method as at the date of the acquisition, which is the date at which control is transferred to the Company. The consideration transferred in the acquisition and the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognised at fair values on their acquisition date. Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised for non-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company recognises any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis either at fair value or at the noncontrolling interest’s proportionate share of the acquired entity’s net identifiable assets. Consideration transferred does not include amounts related to settlement of preexisting relationships. Such amounts are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, other than those incurred in relation to the issue of debt or equity securities. Any contingent consideration payable is measured at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.


Mar 31, 2018

NOTE 1 : COMPANY INFORMATION

Hindustan Unilever Limited (the ‘Company'') is a public limited company domiciled in India with its registered office located at Unilever House, B.D. Sawant Marg, Chakala, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 099. The Company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE). The Company is a market leader in the FMCG business comprising primarily of Home Care, Personal Care, Foods and Refreshments segments. The Company has manufacturing facilities across the country and sells primarily in India through independent distributors and modern trade.

NOTE 2 : BASIS OF PREPARATION, MEASUREMENT AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 2.1 Basis of Preparation and Measurement

(a) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016.

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria as set out in the Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

The financial statements are presented in INR, the functional currency of the Company. Items included in the financial statements of the Company are recorded using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (the ‘functional currency'').

Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0" in the relevant notes in these financial statements.

The financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31st March, 2018 were approved for issue in accordance with the resolution of the Board of Directors on 14th May, 2018.

(b) Basis of measurement

These financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise indicated.

2.2 Key Accounting Estimates and Judgments’

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions in the application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the estimation and judgments based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized prospectively.

Information about critical judgments in applying accounting policies, as well as estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are included in the following notes:

(a) Measurement of defined benefit obligations - Note 40

(b) Measurement and likelihood of occurrence of provisions and contingencies - Note 20 and 24

(c) Recognition of deferred tax assets - Note 9

(d) Key assumptions used in discounted cash flow projections -Note 42

(e) Impairment of Intangibles - Note 4

2.3 Recent Accounting Developments

(a) Standards issued but not yet effective:

IND AS 115: Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In March 2018, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying Ind AS 115, ‘Revenue from Contracts with Customers''. The Standard is applicable to the Company with effect from 1st April, 2018.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers Ind AS 115 establishes a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. Ind AS 115 will supersede the current revenue recognition standard Ind AS 18 Revenue, Ind AS 11 Construction Contracts when it becomes effective. The core principle of Ind AS 115 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Specifically, the standard introduces a 5-step approach to revenue recognition:

- Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer

- Step 2: Identify the performance obligation in contract

- Step 3: Determine the transaction price

- Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

- Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Under Ind AS 115, an entity recognizes revenue when (or as) a performance obligation is satisfied, i.e. when ‘control'' of the goods or services underlying the particular performance obligation is transferred to the customer. The Company has completed its evaluation of the possible impact of Ind AS 115 and will adopt the standard from 1st April, 2018.

2.4 Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at acquisition cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Property, plant and equipment acquired in a business combination are recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance cost are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which they are incurred.

Gains or losses arising on retirement or disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Property, plant and equipment which are not ready for intended use as on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Capital work-in-progress''''.

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight line method based on estimated useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the following:

- plant and equipment is depreciated over 3 to 21 years based on the technical evaluation of useful life done by the management.

- assets costing Rs, 5,000 or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

(b) Intangible Assets:

Separately purchased intangible assets are initially measured at cost. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequently, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Finite-life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of their expected useful lives. Estimated useful lives by major class of finite-life intangible assets are as follows:

Design - 10 years

Know-how - 10 years

Computer software - 5 years

The amortisation period and the amortisation method for finite-life intangible assets is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

For indefinite life intangible assets, the assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether it continues, if not, it is impaired or changed prospectively basis revised estimates.

Goodwill is initially recognized based on the accounting policy for business combinations [refer note 2.4.(r)]. These assets are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually.

(c) Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures:

Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(d) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is computed on a weighted average basis. Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress include all costs of purchases, conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents are short-term (three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(f) Assets Held for Sale:

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ‘held for sale'' when all of the following criterias are met: (i) decision has been made to sell. (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition. (iii) the assets are being actively marketed and (iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as ‘held for sale'' are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortized.

(g) Financial Instruments:

Financial Assets:

Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognized at fair value. In case of Financial assets which are recognized at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction cost are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost are attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.

Financial assets are subsequently classified and measured at

- amortized cost

- fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

Trade Receivables and Loans:

Trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value. Subsequently, these assets are held at amortized cost, using the effective interest rate (EIR) method net of any expected credit losses. The EIR is the rate that discounts estimated future cash income through the expected life of financial instrument.

Debt Instruments:

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVOCI'') or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL) till derecognition on the basis of (i) the Company''s business model for managing the financial assets and (ii) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(i) Measured at amortized cost:

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (‘EIR'') method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(ii) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income:

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(iii) Measured at fair value through profit or loss:

A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity Instruments:

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are initially measured at fair value , the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL.

The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognized as ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the

Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognized in OCI. Amounts recognized in OCI are not subsequently reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognized as ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company uses derivative financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts to hedge its foreign currency risk. Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at fair value. Any changes therein are recognized in the statement of profit and loss account. Derivatives are carried as financial assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative.

Derecognition

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset.

Impairment of Financial Asset

The Company applies expected credit losses (ECL) model for measurement and recognition of loss allowance on the following:

i. Trade receivables

ii. Financial assets measured at amortized cost (other than trade receivables)

iii. Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI)

In case of trade receivables, the Company follows a simplified approach wherein an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance.

In case of other assets (listed as ii and iii above), the Company determines if there has been a significant increase in credit risk of the financial asset since initial recognition. If the credit risk of such assets has not increased significantly, an amount equal to 12-month ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance. However, if credit risk has increased significantly, an amount equal to lifetime ECL is measured and recognized as loss allowance.

Subsequently, if the credit quality of the financial asset improves such that there is no longer a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, the Company reverts to recognizing impairment loss allowance based on 12-month ECL.

ECL is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due to the Company in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Company expects to receive (i.e., all cash shortfalls), discounted at the original effective interest rate.

Lifetime ECL are the expected credit losses resulting from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial asset. 12-month ECL are a portion of the lifetime ECL which result from default events that are possible within 12 months from the reporting date.

ECL are measured in a manner that they reflect unbiased and probability weighted amounts determined by a range of outcomes, taking into account the time value of money and other reasonable information available as a result of past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

As a practical expedient, the Company uses a provision matrix to measure lifetime ECL on its portfolio of trade receivables. The provision matrix is prepared based on historically observed default rates over the expected life of trade receivables and is adjusted for forward-looking estimates. At each reporting date, the historically observed default rates and changes in the forward-looking estimates are updated.

ECL impairment loss allowance (or reversal) recognized during the period is recognized as income/ expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss under the head ‘Other expenses''.

Financial Liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortized cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit and loss. In case of trade payables, they are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently, these liabilities are held at amortized cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

(h) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

(i) Revenue Recognition:

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract, there is no continuing managerial involvement with the goods and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. The Company retains no effective control of the goods transferred to a degree usually associated with ownership and no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of the consideration that will be derived from the sale of goods. Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government which are levied on sales such as sales tax, value added tax, goods and services tax, etc.

Income from export incentives such as duty drawback and premium on sale of import licenses and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis.

Income from services rendered is recognized based on agreements/ arrangements with the customers as the service is performed in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Dividend income on investments is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.

(j) Government Grant:

The Company is entitled to ‘Scheme of budgetary support'' under Goods and Service Tax Regime in respect of eligible manufacturing units located in specified regions. Such grants are measured at amount receivable from the government and are recognized as other operating revenue when there is a reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with all necessary conditions attached to that.

Income from such grants is recognized on a systematic basis over the periods to which they relate.

(k) Expenditure:

Expenses are accounted on accrual basis.

(l) Employee Benefits:

Defined contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees'' state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation scheme, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company''s provident fund contribution, in respect of certain employees, is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as

Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

In respect of certain employees, provident fund contributions are made to a trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The liability in respect of the shortfall of interest earnings of the Fund is determined on the basis of an actuarial valuation. The Company also provides for retirement/post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions (in respect of certain employees), compensated absences (in respect of certain employees) and medical benefits (in respect of certain employees) including to the employees of Indian subsidiaries and a subsidiary of parent company.

For defined benefit plans, the amount recognized as ‘Employee benefit expenses'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss is the cost of accruing employee benefits promised to employees over the year and the costs of individual events such as past/future service benefit changes and settlements (such events are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss). The amount of net interest expense calculated by applying the liability discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset is charged or credited to ‘Finance costs'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Any differences between the interest income on plan assets and the return actually achieved, and any changes in the liabilities over the year due to changes in actuarial assumptions or experience adjustments within the plans, are recognized immediately in ‘Other comprehensive income'' and subsequently not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The defined benefit plan surplus or deficit on the Balance Sheet date comprises fair value of plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit liabilities (using a discount rate by reference to market yields on government bonds at the end of the reporting period).

All defined benefit plans obligations are determined based on | valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The classification of the Company''s net obligation into current and non-current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits, in the nature of voluntary retirement benefits or termination benefits arising from restructuring, are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company recognizes termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates:

(a) when the Company can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits; or

(b) when the Company recognizes costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of Ind AS 37 and involves the payment of termination benefits.

Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present value.

Share-Based Payments

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments in consideration of the services rendered. Under the equity settled share based payment, the fair value on the grant date of the awards given to employees is recognized as ‘employee benefit expenses'' with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period. The fair value of the options at the grant date is calculated by an independent valuer basis Black Scholes model. At the end of each reporting period, apart from the non market vesting condition, the expense is reviewed and adjusted to reflect changes to the level of options expected to vest. When the options are exercised, the Company issues fresh equity shares.

For cash-settled share based payments, the fair value of the amount payable to employees is recognized as ‘employee benefit expenses'' with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period of non market vesting conditions getting fulfilled. The liability is remeasured at each reporting period up to, and including the settlement date, with changes in fair value recognized in employee benefits expenses. Refer Note 41 for details.

(m) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets:

Assessment for impairment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that a non-financial asset may be impaired. Indefinite life intangibles are subject to a review for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that it is necessary. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Company''s cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to those units.

If any indication of impairment exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the individual asset/cash generating unit is made. Asset/cash generating unit whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount by recognizing the impairment loss as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill (if any) allocated to the cash generating unit and then to the other assets of the unit, pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset or cash generating unit and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased, basis the assessment a reversal of an impairment loss for an asset other than goodwill is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss account.

(n) Income Taxes:

Income tax expense for the year comprises of current tax and deferred tax. It is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent it relates to a business combination or to an item which is recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable/receivable on the taxable income/loss for the year using applicable tax rates at the Balance Sheet date, and any adjustment to taxes in respect of previous years. Interest expenses and penalties, if any, related to income tax are included in finance cost and other expenses respectively. Interest Income, if any, related to Income tax is included in current tax expense.

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the corresponding amounts used for taxation purposes.

A deferred tax liability is recognized based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted, or substantively enacted, by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

(o) Leases:

Leases in which a substantial portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the less or are classified as operating leases. Payments and receipts under such leases are recognized to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless the lease payments to the less or are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the less or’s expected inflationary cost increases, in which case the same are recognized as an expense in line with the contractual term.

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the lessee.

(p) Foreign Currencies:

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses from settlement of these transactions, and from translation of monetary assets and liabilities at the reporting date exchange rates are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(q) Earnings Per Share:

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(r) Business Combination:

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition accounting method as at the date of the acquisition, which is the date at which control is transferred to the Company. The consideration transferred in the acquisition and the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized at fair values on their acquisition date. Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest''s proportionate share of the acquired entity''s net identifiable assets. Consideration transferred does not include amounts related to settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, other than those incurred in relation to the issue of debt or equity securities. Any contingent consideration payable is measured at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

NOTES:

(a) Buildings include Rs, 0 crores (31st March, 2017: Rs, 0 crores) being the value of shares in co-operative housing societies.

(b) The title deeds of Freehold Land aggregating Rs, 0 crores (31st March, 2017: Rs,0 crores), Leasehold Land, net block aggregating Rs, 1 crores, (31st March, 2017: Rs, 1 crores) are in the process of perfection of title.

(c) Additions in capital expenditure of Rs, 5 crores (2016-17: Rs, 1 crores) and Rs, 0 crores (2016-17: Rs, 1 crores) incurred at Company''s inhouse R&D facilities at Mumbai and Bengaluru respectively are eligible for weighted deduction under Section 35(2AB) of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

B Capital work-in-progress

Capital work in progress as at 31st March, 2018 is Rs, 430 crores (31st March, 2017: Rs, 203 crores) For contractual commitment with respect to property, plant and equipment refer Note 24.B(ii).

IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

The goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets are tested for impairment and accordingly no impairment charges were identified for FY 2017-18 (Nil for FY 2016-17).

SIGNIFICANT CASH GENERATING UNITS (CGUs)

The Company has identified its reportable segments, i.e. Home Care, Personal Care, Foods, Refreshments and Others as the CGUs. The goodwill and brand (with indefinite life) acquired through business combination has been entirely allocated to CGU ‘Personal Care'' segment of the Company. The carrying amount of goodwill and brand as at March 31, 2018 is Rs, 0 crores and Rs, 311 crores respectively.

The projections cover a period of five years, as the Company believes this to be the most appropriate timescale over which to review and consider annual performances before applying a fixed terminal value multiple to the final year cash flows. The growth rates used to estimate future performance are based on the conservative estimates from past performance. Segmental margins are based on FY 2017-18 performance.

Weighted Average Cost of Capital % (WACC) = Risk free return ( Market risk premium x Beta variant for the Company).

The Company has performed sensitivity analysis around the base assumptions and have concluded that no reasonable changes in key assumptions would cause the recoverable amount of the CGU to be less than the carrying value.

b) Rights, preferences and restrictions attached to shares

Equity shares: The Company has one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs, 1 per share. Each shareholder is eligible for one vote per share held. In the event of liquidation, the equity shareholders are eligible to receive the remaining assets of the Company after distribution of all preferential amounts, in proportion to their shareholding. The dividend proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting, except in case of interim dividend.

B. Nature and purpose of reserves

(a) Capital Reserve: During amalgamation, the excess of net assets taken, over the cost of consideration paid is treated as capital reserve.

(b) Capital Redemption Reserve: The Company has recognized Capital Redemption Reserve on buyback of equity shares from its retained earnings. The amount in Capital Redemption Reserve is equal to nominal amount of the equity shares bought back.

(c) Securities Premium Reserve: The amount received in excess of face value of the equity shares is recognized in Securities Premium Reserve. In case of equity-settled share based payment transactions, the difference between fair value on grant date and nominal value of share is accounted as securities premium reserve

(d) Employee Stock Options Outstanding Account: The fair value of the equity-settled share based payment transactions with employees is recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss with corresponding credit to Employee Stock Options Outstanding Account.

(e) General Reserve: The Company has transferred a portion of the net profit of the Company before declaring dividend to general reserve pursuant to the earlier provisions of Companies Act, 1956. Mandatory transfer to general reserve is not required under the Companies Act, 2013.

(f) Retained Earnings: Retained earnings are the profits that the Company has earned till date, less any transfers to general reserve, dividends or other distributions paid to shareholders.

(g) Other Reserves: The Company has recognized Other Reserves on amalgamation of Brooke Bond Lipton India Limited as per statutory requirements. This reserve is not available for capitalisation/declaration of dividend/ share buy-back. Further it also includes capital subsidy and revaluation reserve.

(h) Remeasurements of Net Defined Benefit Plans: Differences between the interest income on plan assets and the return actually achieved, and any changes in the liabilities over the year due to changes in actuarial assumptions or experience adjustments within the plans, are recognized in ‘Other comprehensive income'' and subsequently not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(i) Debt Instruments through Other Comprehensive Income: The fair value change of the debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income is recognized in Debt instruments through Other Comprehensive Income. Upon derecognition, the cumulative fair value changes on the said instruments are reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

D. Capital Management

Equity share capital and other equity are considered for the purpose of Company''s capital management.

The Company manages its capital so as to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern and to optimize returns to shareholders. The capital structure of the Company is based on management''s judgments of its strategic and day-to-day needs with a focus on total equity so as to maintain investor, creditors and market confidence.

The management and the board of directors monitors the return on capital as well as the level of dividends to shareholders. The Company may take appropriate steps in order to maintain, or if necessary adjust, its capital structure.

a) There are no amounts due for payment to the Investor Education and Protection Fund under Section 125 of the Companies Act, 2013 as 31st March,2018 (31st March, 2017: Nil).

* includes unwinding of discount and effect of change in discount rate.

The provisions for indirect taxes and legal matters comprises of numerous separate cases that arise in the ordinary course of business. These provisions have not been discounted as it is not practicable for the Company to estimate the timing of the provision utilization and cash outflows, if any, pending resolution.

B. Commitments

i) Operating lease commitments

The Company''s significant leasing arrangements are in respect of operating leases for premises (residential, office, stores, go down etc.) and computers. These leasing arrangements which are cancellable (other than those specified below), range between 11 months and 10 years generally, or longer, and are usually renewable by mutual consent on mutually agreeable terms. The aggregate lease rentals payable are charged as rent in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The Company has entered into agreement to take certain land and building on operating lease for warehousing activities from a third party. The lease arrangement is for 10 years, including a non-cancellable term of 9 years. The lease rent of Rs, 13 crores (2016-17: Rs, 14 crores) on such lease is included in Rent.

Total government grant recognized Rs, 172 crores (31st March, 2017: Rs, Nil) (Refer note 2.4 (j) for accounting policy on government grant)

* Up to 30th June, 2017

(c) The Company has spent Rs, 116 crores (2016-17: Rs, 104 crores) towards various schemes of Corporate Social Responsibility as prescribed under Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013. The details are:

I. Gross amount required to be spent by the Company during the year: Rs, 112 crores (2016-17: Rs, 102 crores)

III. Above includes a contribution of Rs, 32 crores (2016-17: Rs, 18 crores) to subsidiary Hindustan Unilever Foundation which is a Section 8 registered company under Companies Act, 2013, with the main objectives of working in the areas of social, economic and environmental issues such as water harvesting, health and hygiene awareness, women empowerment and enable the less privileged segments of the society to improve their livelihood by enhancing their means and capabilities to meet the emerging opportunities.

IV. The Company does not carry any provisions for Corporate social responsibility expenses for current year and previous year.

Proposed dividend on equity shares is subject to the approval of the shareholders of the Company at the Annual General Meeting and not recognized as liability as at the Balance Sheet date.

*Dividend Distribution Tax (DDT)-net, pertaining to the current year comprises the DDT on final dividend of FY 2016-17 and interim dividend of FY 2017-18 and the credit in respect of tax paid under Section 115 O of the Income-tax Act, 1961 by the Company on dividend received from its domestic and foreign subsidiaries during the year.

The Company has disclosed financial instruments such as cash and cash equivalents, other bank balances, trade receivables, current account balances with group companies and joint venture, trade payables and unpaid dividends at carrying value because their carrying amounts are a reasonable approximation of the fair values due to their short term nature.

C. Fair Value Hierarchy

The fair value of financial instruments as referred to in note (A) above have been classified into a three categories depending on the inputs used in the valuation technique. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

The categories used are as follows:

- Level 1: Quoted prices for identical instruments in an active market;

- Level 2: Directly or indirectly observable market inputs, other than Level 1 inputs; and

- Level 3: Inputs which are not based on observable market data.

The fair value classification of investment in mutual funds (fair value through profit and loss) has been reviewed and re-classified from

Level 2 to Level 1 during FY 2017-18

Calculation of Fair Values

The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a

liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the

fair values are consistent with those used for the year ended 31st March, 2017.

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as at Balance Sheet date:

1. The fair values of investment in treasury bills and quoted investment in equity shares is based on the current bid price of respective investment as at the Balance Sheet date.

2. The fair values of investments in mutual fund units is based on the net asset value (‘NAV'') as stated by the issuers of these mutual fund units in the published statements as at Balance Sheet date. NAV represents the price at which the issuer will issue further units of mutual fund and the price at which issuers will redeem such units from the investors.

3. The fair values of the derivative financial instruments has been determined using valuation techniques with market observable inputs. The models incorporate various inputs including the credit quality of counter-parties and foreign exchange forward rates.

Other financial assets and liabilities

- Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, investments in term deposits, other financial assets (except derivative financial instruments), trade payables, and other financial liabilities (except derivative financial instruments) have fair values that approximate to their carrying amounts due to their short-term nature.

- Loans have fair values that approximate to their carrying amounts as it is based on the net present value of the anticipated future cash flows using rates currently available for debt on similar terms, credit risk and remaining maturities.


Mar 31, 2017

1 COMPANY INFORMATION

Hindustan Unilever Limited (the ‘Company'') is a public limited Company domiciled in India with its registered office located at Unilever House,

B.D. Sawant Marg, Chakala, Andheri (East), Mumbai 400 099. The Company is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE). The Company is a market leader in the FMCG business comprising primarily of Home Care, Personal Care, Foods and Refreshments segments. The Company has manufacturing facilities across the country and sells primarily in India through independent distributors and modern trade.

2 BASIS OF PREPARATION, MEASUREMENT AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.1 Basis of preparation and measurement

(a) Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Indian Accounting Standards (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Ind AS'') as notified by Ministry of Corporate Affairs pursuant to section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 3 of the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Rules, 2015 and Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) Amendment Rules, 2016.

These financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2017 are the first the Company has prepared under Ind AS. For all periods up to and including the year ended 31st March, 2016 , the Company prepared its financial statements in accordance with the accounting standards notified under the section 133 of the Companies Act 2013, read together with paragraph 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 (hereinafter referred to as ‘Previous GAAP'') used for its statutory reporting requirement in India immediately before adopting Ind AS. The financial statements for the year ended 31st March, 2016 and the opening Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2015 have been restated in accordance with Ind AS for comparative information. Reconciliations and explanations of the effect of the transition from Previous GAAP to Ind AS on the Company''s Balance Sheet, Statement of Profit and Loss and Statement of Cash Flows are provided in note 3.

The financial statements have been prepared on accrual and going concern basis. The accounting policies are applied consistently to all the periods presented in the financial statements, including the preparation of the opening Ind AS Balance Sheet as at 1st April, 2015 being the ‘date of transition to Ind AS''. All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or noncurrent as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria as set out in the Division II of Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current or non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0" in the relevant notes in these financial statements.

The financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31st March, 2017 were approved for issue in accordance with the resolution of the Board of Directors on 17th May, 2017.

(b) Basis of measurement

These financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise indicated.

2.2 KEY Accounting ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions in the application of accounting policies that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates. Continuous evaluation is done on the estimation and judgments based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized prospectively

Information about critical judgments in applying accounting policies, as well as estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are included in the following notes:

(a) Measurement of defined benefit obligations - Note 41

(b) Measurement and likelihood of occurrence of provisions and contingencies - Note 21 and 25

(c) Recognition of deferred tax assets - Note 10

(d) Key assumptions used in discounted cash flow projections - Note 43

(e) Measurement of consideration and assets acquired as part of business combination - Note 43

(f) Impairment of Intangibles - Note 5

2.3 RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

Standards issued but not yet effective:

In March 2017, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued the Companies (Indian Accounting Standards) (Amendments) Rules, 2017, notifying amendments to Ind AS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows'' and Ind AS 102, ‘Share-based payment.'' The amendments are applicable to the Company from April 1, 2017.

Amendment to Ind AS 7:

The amendment to Ind AS 7 requires the entities to provide disclosures that enable users of financial statements to evaluate changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both changes arising from cash flows and non-cash changes, suggesting inclusion of a reconciliation between the opening and closing balances in the balance sheet for liabilities arising from financing activities, to meet the disclosure requirement. The effect on the financial statements is being evaluated by the Company.

Amendment to Ind AS 102:

The amendment to Ind AS 102 provides specific guidance to measurement of cash-settled awards, modification of cash-settled awards and awards that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes. It clarifies that the fair value of cash-settled awards is determined on a basis consistent with that used for equity settled awards. Market-based performance conditions and non-vesting conditions are reflected in the ‘fair values'', but non-market performance conditions and service vesting conditions are reflected in the estimate of the number of awards expected to vest. Also, the amendment clarifies that if the terms and conditions of a cash-settled share-based payment transaction are modified with the result that it becomes an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, the transaction is accounted for as such from the date of the modification. Further, the amendment requires the award that include a net settlement feature in respect of withholding taxes to be treated as equity-settled in its entirety. The cash payment to the tax authority is treated as if it was part of an equity settlement. The effect on the financial statements is being evaluated by the Company.

2.4 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Property, Plant and Equipment:

Property, plant and equipment is stated at acquisition cost net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent costs are included in the asset''s carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss during the period in which they are incurred.

Gains or losses arising on retirement or disposal of property, plant and equipment are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Property, plant and equipment which are not ready for intended use as on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Capital work-in-progress".

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight line method based on estimated useful life prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the following:

- plant and equipment is depreciated over 3 to 21 years based on the technical evaluation of useful life done by the management.

- assets costing '' 5,000 or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

Freehold land is not depreciated.

The residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation of property, plant and equipment is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Upon first-time adoption of Ind AS, the Company has elected to measure all its property, plant and equipment at the Previous GAAP carrying amount as its deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS i.e., 1st April.2015.

(b) Intangible Assets:

Separately purchased intangible assets are initially measured at cost. Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequently, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. Finite-life intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of their expected useful lives. Estimated useful lives by major class of finite-life intangible assets are as follows:

Design - 10 years

Know-how - 10 years

Computer software - 5 years

The amortization period and the amortization method for finite-life intangible assets is reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.

Indefinite life intangibles mainly consist of brands/trademarks. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues, if not, it is impaired or changed prospectively basis revised estimates.

Goodwill is initially recognized based on the accounting policy for business combinations [refer note 2.4.(q)]. These assets are not amortized but are tested for impairment annually.

Upon first-time adoption of Ind AS, the Company has elected to measure its intangible assets at the Previous GAAP carrying amount as its deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS i.e., 1st April,2015.

(c) Investments in Subsidiaries and Joint Venture:

Investments in subsidiaries and joint venture are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. Where an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately to its recoverable amount. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries and joint venture, the difference between net disposal proceeds and the carrying amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Upon first-time adoption of Ind AS, the Company has elected to measure its investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures at the Previous GAAP carrying amount as its deemed cost on the date of transition to Ind AS i.e., 1st April,2015.

(d) Inventories:

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is computed on a weighted average basis. Cost of finished goods and work-in-progress include all costs of purchases, conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. The net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

(e) Cash and Cash Equivalents:

Cash and cash equivalents are short-term (three months or less from the date of acquisition), highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

(f) Assets Held for Sale:

Non-current assets or disposal groups comprising of assets and liabilities are classified as ‘held for sale'' when all of the following criteria''s are met: (i) decision has been made to sell. (ii) the assets are available for immediate sale in its present condition. (iii) the assets are being actively marketed and (iv) sale has been agreed or is expected to be concluded within 12 months of the Balance Sheet date.

Subsequently, such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of its carrying value and fair value less costs to sell. Non-current assets held for sale are not depreciated or amortized.

(g) Financial Instruments: Financial Assets:

Financial assets are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

On initial recognition, a financial asset is recognized at fair value, in case of Financial assets which are recognized at fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL), its transaction cost are recognized in the statement of profit and loss. In other cases, the transaction cost are attributed to the acquisition value of the financial asset.

Financial assets are subsequently classified as measured at

- amortized cost

- fair value through profit and loss (FVTPL)

- fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI).

Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their recognition, except if and in the period the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets.

Trade Receivables and Loans:

Trade receivables are initially recognized at fair value. Subsequently, these assets are held at amortized cost, using the effective interest rate (EIR) method net of any expected credit losses. The EIR is the rate that discounts estimated future cash income through the expected life of financial instrument.

Debt Instruments:

Debt instruments are initially measured at amortized cost, fair value through other comprehensive income (‘FVOCI'') or fair value through profit or loss (‘FVTPL) till derecognition on the basis of (i) the entity''s business model for managing the financial assets and (ii) the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset.

(a) Measured at amortized cost: Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate (‘EIR'') method less impairment, if any. The amortization of EIR and loss arising from impairment, if any is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(b) Measured at fair value through other comprehensive income:

Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both, selling financial assets and collecting contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest, are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. Fair value movements are recognized in the other comprehensive income (OCI). Interest income measured using the EIR method and impairment losses, if any are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. On derecognition, cumulative gain or loss previously recognized in OCI is reclassified from the equity to ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(c) Measured at fair value through profit or loss: A financial asset not classified as either amortized cost or FVOCI, is classified as FVTPL. Such financial assets are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value, including interest income and dividend income if any, recognized as ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Equity Instruments:

All investments in equity instruments classified under financial assets are initially measured at fair value , the Company may, on initial recognition, irrevocably elect to measure the same either at FVOCI or FVTPL.

The Company makes such election on an instrument-by-instrument basis. Fair value changes on an equity instrument is recognized as other income in the Statement of Profit and Loss unless the Company has elected to measure such instrument at FVOCI. Fair value changes excluding dividends, on an equity instrument measured at FVOCI are recognized in OCI. Amounts recognized in OCI are not subsequently reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Dividend income on the investments in equity instruments are recognized as ‘other income'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

The Company derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or it transfers the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the asset.

Impairment of Financial Asset

Expected credit losses are recognized for all financial assets subsequent to initial recognition other than financials assets in FVTPL category.

For financial assets other than trade receivables, as per Ind AS 109, the Company recognizes 12 month expected credit losses for all originated or acquired financial assets if at the reporting date the credit risk of the financial asset has not increased significantly since its initial recognition. The expected credit losses are measured as lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on financial asset increases significantly since its initial recognition. The Companies trade receivables do not contain significant financing component and loss allowance on trade receivables is measured at an amount equal to life time expected losses i.e. expected cash shortfall.

The impairment losses and reversals are recognized in Statement of Profit and Loss.

Financial Liabilities:

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial liabilities are initially measured at the amortized cost unless at initial recognition, they are classified as fair value through profit and loss. In case of trade payables, they are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently, these liabilities are held at amortized cost, using the effective interest method.

Subsequent measurement

Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the EIR method. Financial liabilities carried at fair value through profit or loss are measured at fair value with all changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Derecognition

A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires.

(h) Provisions and Contingent Liabilities:

Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date.

If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted to reflect its present value using a current pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

(i) Revenue Recognition:

Revenue from sale of goods is recognized when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract, there is no continuing managerial involvement with the goods and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. The Company retains no effective control of the goods transferred to a degree usually associated with ownership and no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of the consideration that will be derived from the sale of goods. Revenue is measured at fair value of the consideration received or receivable, after deduction of any trade discounts, volume rebates and any taxes or duties collected on behalf of the government which are levied on sales such as sales tax, value added tax, etc.

Income from export incentives such as duty drawback and premium on sale of import licenses, and lease license fee are recognized on accrual basis.

Income from services rendered is recognized based on agreements/ arrangements with the customers as the service is performed in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.

Interest income is recognized using the effective interest rate (EIR) method.

Dividend income on investments is recognized when the right to receive dividend is established.

(j) Expenditure:

Expenses are accounted on accrual basis.

(k) Employee Benefits:

Defined contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees'' state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation scheme, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company''s provident fund contribution, in respect of certain employees, is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

In respect of certain employees, provident fund contributions are made to a trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The liability in respect of the shortfall of interest earnings of the Fund is determined on the basis of an actuarial valuation. The Company also provides for retirement/post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions (in respect of certain employees), compensated absences (in respect of certain employees) and medical benefits including to the employees of Indian subsidiaries and a subsidiary of parent Company.

For defined benefit plans, the amount recognized as ‘Employee benefit expenses'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss is the cost of accruing employee benefits promised to employees over the year and the costs of individual events such as past/future service benefit changes and settlements (such events are recognized immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss). The amount of net interest expense calculated by applying the liability discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset is charged or credited to ‘Finance costs'' in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Any differences between the interest income on plan assets and the return actually achieved, and any changes in the liabilities over the year due to changes in actuarial assumptions or experience adjustments within the plans, are recognized immediately in ‘Other comprehensive income'' and subsequently not reclassified to the Statement of Profit and Loss.

The defined benefit plan surplus or deficit on the Balance Sheet comprises the total for each plan of the fair value of plan assets less the present value of the defined benefit liabilities (using a discount rate by reference to market yields on government bonds at the end of the reporting period).

All defined benefit plans obligations are determined based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuary using the projected unit credit method. The classification of the Company''s net obligation into current and non-current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits, in the nature of voluntary retirement benefits or termination benefits arising from restructuring, are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The Company recognizes termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates:

(a) when the Company can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits; or

(b) when the Company recognizes costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of Ind AS 37 and involves the payment of termination benefits.

Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to their present value

Share-Based Payments:

Employees of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments in consideration of the services rendered.

Under the equity settled share based payment, the fair value on the grant date of the awards given to employees is recognized as ‘employee benefit expenses'' with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period. The fair value of the options at the grant date is calculated by an independent value basis Black Schools model. At the end of each reporting period, apart from the non market vesting condition, the expense is reviewed and adjusted to reflect changes to the level of options expected to vest. When the options are exercised, the Company issues fresh equity shares.

For cash-settled share based payments, the fair value of the amount payable to employees is recognized as ‘employee benefit expenses'' with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the period of non market vesting conditions getting fulfilled. The liability is premeasured at each reporting period up to, and including the settlement date, with changes in fair value recognized in employee benefits expenses. Refer Note 42 for details.

(l) Impairment of Non-Financial Assets:

Assessment for impairment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that a non-financial asset may be impaired. Indefinite life intangibles are subject to a review for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that it is necessary. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Company''s cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquire are assigned to those units.

If any indication of impairment exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the individual asset/cash generating unit is made. Asset/cash generating unit whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount by recognizing the impairment loss as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. The impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill (if any) allocated to the cash generating unit and then to the other assets of the unit, pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s fair value less cost of disposal and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset or cash generating unit and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased, basis the assessment a reversal of an impairment loss for an asset other than goodwill is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss account.

(m) Income Taxes:

Income tax expense for the year comprises of current tax and deferred tax. It is recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss except to the extent it relates to a business combination or to an item which is recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.

Current tax is the expected tax payable/receivable on the taxable income/ loss for the year using applicable tax rates at the Balance Sheet date, and any adjustment to taxes in respect of previous years. Interest income/ expenses and penalties, if any, related to income tax are included in current tax expense.

Deferred tax is recognized in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the corresponding amounts used for taxation purposes.

A deferred tax liability is recognized based on the expected manner of realization or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted, or substantively enacted, by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

(n) Leases:

Leases in which a substantial portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the less or are classified as operating leases. Payments and receipts under such leases are recognized to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless the lease payments to the less or are structured to increase in line with expected general inflation to compensate for the less or’s expected inflationary cost increases, in which case the same are recognized as an expense in line with the contractual term.

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the lessee.

(o) Foreign Currencies:

The financial statements are presented in INR, the functional currency of the Company. Items included in the financial statements of the Company are recorded using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (the ‘functional currency'').

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange gains and losses from settlement of these transactions, and from translation of monetary assets and liabilities at the reporting date exchange rates are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

(p) Earnings Per Share:

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to the equity shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources.

For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

(q) Business Combination:

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition accounting method as at the date of the acquisition, which is the date at which control is transferred to the Company. The consideration transferred in the acquisition and the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized at fair values on their acquisition date. Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company recognizes any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis either at fair value or at the non-controlling interest''s proportionate share of the acquired entity''s net identifiable assets. Consideration transferred does not include amounts related to settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, other than those incurred in relation to the issue of debt or equity securities. Any contingent consideration payable is measured at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration are recognized in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

In accordance with Ind AS 101 provisions related to first time adoption, the Company has elected to apply Ind AS accounting for business combinations prospectively from 1st April 2015. As such, Previous GAAP balances relating to business combinations entered into before that date, including goodwill, have been carried forward as at the date of transition to Ind AS.


Mar 31, 2015

1.1. Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable Accounting Standards prescribed under Section 133 of the Companies Act, 2013 (''Act'') read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014, the provisions of the Act (to the extent notified) and other accounting principles generally accepted in India, to the extent applicable.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non- current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the Company have been reflected as "0.00" in the relevant notes in these financial statements.

2.2. Revenue recognition

Revenue from sale of goods is recognised when all the significant risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer as per the terms of the contract, the Company retains no effective control of the goods transferred to a degree usually associated with ownership and no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of the consideration that will be derived from the sale of goods. Sales are recognised net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties (on goods manufactured and outsourced).

Income from export incentives such as duty drawback and premium on sale of import licenses, and lease license fee are recognised on accrual basis.

Income from services rendered is recognised based on agreements/arrangements with the customers as the service is performed using the proportionate completion method when no significant uncertainty exists regarding the amount of the consideration that will be derived from rendering the service and is recognised net of service tax, as applicable.

Interest on investments is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

2.3. Expenditure

Expenses are accounted on accrual basis.

Revenue expenditure pertaining to research is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss. Development costs of products are also charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss unless a product''s technical feasibility and other criteria as set out in paragraph 44 of AS 26 - ''Intangible Assets'' have been established, in which case such expenditure is capitalised. The amount capitalised comprises expenditure that can be directly attributed or allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to creating, producing and making the asset ready for its intended use. Fixed assets utilised for research and development are capitalised and depreciated in accordance with the policies stated for Tangible assets.

2.4. Tangible assets

Tangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent expenditures related to an item of tangible asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of tangible assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements under "Other current assets". Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Tangible assets not ready for the intended use on the date of Balance Sheet are disclosed as "Capital work-in-progress".

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of tangible assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight line method at the rates prescribed under Schedule II to the Companies Act, 2013 with the exception of the following:

- plant and equipment is depreciated over 4 to 21 years based on the technical evaluation of useful life done by the management.

- assets costing Rs. 5,000 or less are fully depreciated in the year of purchase.

2.5. Intangible assets

Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis as per rates mentioned below:

2.6. Impairment

Assessment for impairment is done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an asset (tangible and intangible) may be impaired. For the purpose of assessing impairment, the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets is considered as a cash generating unit. If any such indication exists, an estimate of the recoverable amount of the individual asset/cash generating unit is made.

Assets whose carrying value exceeds their recoverable amount are written down to the recoverable amount by recognising the impairment loss as an expense in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s or cash generating unit''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life. Assessment is also done at each Balance Sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

2.7. Investments

Investments are classified into current and non-current investments. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Non-current investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, separately for each individual non-current investments.

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as "Current investments".

All other investments are classified as "Non-current investments".

Investment in land and buildings that are not intended to be occupied substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have been classified as investment property. Investment properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Depreciation on the building component of the investment property is provided in line with the policy on tangible assets.

2.8. Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is computed on a weighted average basis. The net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Finished goods and work-in-progress include all costs of purchases, conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

2.9. Trade receivables and Loans and advances

Trade receivables and Loans and advances are stated after making adequate provisions for doubtful balances.

2.10. Provisions and Contingent liabilities

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date and are not discounted to its present value. These are reviewed at each year end date and adjusted to reflect the best current estimate.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

2.11. Retirement/post retirement benefits Defined contribution plans

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as employees'' state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation scheme, employee pension scheme etc. are charged as an expense based on the amount of contribution required to be made as and when services are rendered by the employees. Company''s provident fund contribution, in respect of certain employees, is made to a government administered fund and charged as an expense to the Statement of Profit and Loss. The above benefits are classified as Defined Contribution Schemes as the Company has no further defined obligations beyond the monthly contributions.

Defined benefit plans

In respect of certain employees, provident fund contributions are made to a trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The liability in respect of the shortfall of interest earnings of the Fund is determined on the basis of an actuarial valuation. The Company also provides for retirement/post- retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions (in respect of certain employees), compensated absences (in respect of certain employees) and medical. The Company''s liability towards such defined benefit plans is determined based on valuations, as at the Balance Sheet date, made by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses in respect of the defined benefit plans are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss in the year in which they arise. The classification of the Company''s net obligation into current and non- current is as per the actuarial valuation report.

Termination benefits

Termination benefits, in the nature of voluntary retirement benefits or termination benefits arising from restructuring, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss when: a) the Company has a present obligation as a result of past event; b) a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation; and c) it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation.

2.12. Income taxes

Tax expense for the year comprises current tax and deferred tax.

Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid to (recovered from) the taxation authorities using the applicable tax rates and tax laws.

Deferred tax is recognised for all the timing differences, subject to the consideration of prudence in respect of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised and carried forward only to the extent that there is a reasonable certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. In situations where the Company has unabsorbed depreciation or carry forward tax losses, all deferred tax assets are recognised only if there is virtual certainty supported by convincing evidence that they can be realised against future taxable profits. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each Balance Sheet date for any write down, as considered appropriate.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

2.13. Foreign currency translations

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss.

Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the year end on account of firm commitment transactions are marked to market and the losses, if any, are recognised in the Statement of Profit and Loss and gains are ignored in accordance with the announcement of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on Accounting for Derivatives'' issued in March 2008.

2.14. Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. The Company is both a lessee and a lessor under such arrangements. Payments and receipts under such leases are charged or credited to the Statement of Profit and Loss on a straight line basis over the primary period of the lease.

2.15. Segment reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the Company. Further,

a) I nter segment revenue has been accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments which is primarily market based.

b) Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the Company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Un-allocated corporate expenses net of un-allocated income".

2.16. Cash and cash equivalents

In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, term deposits with banks and other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

2.17. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

2.18. Employee share based payments

Equity settled stock options granted under "HUL ESOP/ Performance Shares Schemes" are accounted for under the intrinsic value method as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Employee Share-based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

2.19. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the generally accepted accounting principles requires that the management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2.20. Government Grants

Government Grants and subsidies are received and recognised after fulfilling the conditions attached to them. Government grants are of the nature of promoters'' contribution and are credited to Capital Subsidy which is treated as part of Reserves and Surplus.


Mar 31, 2013

1.1. Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions thereof.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non- current as per the Company''s normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in the Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956. Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current/ non- current classification of assets and liabilities.

Transactions and balances with values below the rounding off norm adopted by the company have been reflected as "0.00" in the relevant notes in these financial statements.

1.2. Revenue recognition

Sales are recognised when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer, upon supply of goods, and are recognised net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties (on goods manufactured and outsourced). It does not include inter-divisional transfers.

Income from export incentives such as duty drawback and premium on sale of import licences, and lease license fee are recognised on an accrual basis.

Income from services rendered is recognised as the service is performed and is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with the concerned parties.

Interest on investments is recognised on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.

Dividend income on investments is recognised when the right to receive dividend is established.

1.3. Expenditure

Expenses are accounted on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to tangible assets.

1.4. Tangible assets

Tangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent expenditures related to an item of tangible asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of tangible assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their net book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements under "Other current assets". Any expected loss is recognised immediately in the statement of profit and loss.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of tangible assets which are carried at cost are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Depreciation is provided on a pro-rata basis on the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or at the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV to the Companies Act, 1956, whichever is higher. Accordingly,

- computers and related assets, included in office equipment are depreciated over four years;

- leasehold land is amortised over the primary period of the lease;

- certain assets of the cold chain, included in plant and equipment, are depreciated over four/ seven years; and

- vehicles are depreciated over six years.

1.5. Intangible assets

Intangible assets are stated at acquisition cost, net of accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis as per rates mentioned below:

1.6. Impairment

impairment loss, if any, is provided to the extent, the carrying amount of assets exceeds their recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset''s net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Assessment is done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognised for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

1.7. Investments

Investments are classified into current and long term investments. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long term investments.

Investments that are readily realisable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as "Current investments". All other investments are classified as "Non-current investments".

Investment in land and building that are not intended to be occupied substantially for use by, or in the operations of the company, have been classified as investment property. Investment properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.

1.8. Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost (computed on a weighted average basis) and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

1.9. Trade receivables and Loans and advances

Trade receivables and Loans and advances are stated after making adequate provisions for doubtful balances.

1.10. Provisions and Contingent liabilities

Provisions are recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and there is a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet date and are not discounted to its present value. These are reviewed at each year end date and adjusted to reflect the best current estimate.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

1.11. Retirement/ post retirement benefits

Contributions to defined contribution schemes such as provident fund, employees'' state insurance, labour welfare fund, superannuation fund, etc. are charged to the statement of profit and loss as incurred. In respect of certain employees, provident fund contributions are made to a trust administered by the company. The interest rate payable to the members of the trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the company. The remaining contributions are made to a government administered provident fund towards which the company has no further defined obligations beyond its monthly contributions. The company also provides for retirement/ post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions, leave encashment and medical. Such defined benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the balance sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when incurred.

1.12. Current and deferred tax

Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the period.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and is capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are not recognised on unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses unless there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Current tax assets and current tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing current tax and where the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

1.13. Foreign currency translations

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of profit and loss.

Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the year end on account of firm commitment transactions are marked to market and the losses, if any are recognised in the statement of profit and loss, and gains are ignored in accordance with the announcement of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on Accounting for Derivatives'' issued in March 2008.

1.14. Operating leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. The company is both a lessee and a lessor under such arrangements. Payments and receipts under such leases are charged or credited to the statement of profit and loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.

1.15. Segment reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in conformity with the accounting policies adopted for the company. Further,

a) Inter segment revenue has been accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments which is primarily market based.

b) Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the company as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Un-allocated corporate expenses net of un-allocated income".

1.16. Cash and cash equivalents

In the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, term deposits with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

1.17. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

1.18. Employee share based payments

Equity settled stock options granted under "HUL ESOP/ Performance Shares Schemes" are accounted for under the intrinsic value method as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Employee Share-based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

1.19. Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with the general accepted accounting principles requires that the management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities as at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.


Mar 31, 2012

1. Basis for preparation of accounts

The accounts have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3c) of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions thereof.

All assets and liabilities have been classified as current or non-current as per the Company's normal operating cycle and other criteria set out in Revised Schedule VI to the Companies Act, 1956.

Based on the nature of products and the time between acquisition of assets for processing and their realization in cash and cash equivalents, the Company has ascertained its operating cycle as 12 months for the purpose of current / non-current classification of assets and liabilities.

2. Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognized when the substantial risks and rewards of ownership in the goods are transferred to the buyer, upon supply of goods, and are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties (on goods manufactured and outsourced). It does not include inter-divisional transfers.

Income from export incentives such as duty drawback and premium on sale of import licenses is recognized on an accrual basis.

Income from services rendered is recognized as the service is performed and is booked based on agreements / arrangements with the concerned parties.

Interest on investments is booked on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

3. Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities.

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

4. Tangible Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses, if any. Subsequent expenditures related to an item of fixed asset are added to its book value only if they increase the future benefits from the existing asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance.

Items of fixed assets that have been retired from active use and are held for disposal are stated at the lower of their book value and net realisable value and are shown separately in the financial statements under Other Current Assets. Any expected loss is recognized immediately in the profit and loss account.

Losses arising from the retirement of, and gains or losses arising from disposal of fixed assets which are carried at cost are recognized in the profit and loss account.

Depreciation is provided on the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the rates prescribed under Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956, whichever is higher.

Accordingly,

- computers and related assets, included in Office equipment are depreciated over four years;

- leasehold land is amortized over the primary period of the lease;

- certain assets of the cold chain, included in Plant and equipment, are depreciated over four / seven years; and

- motor vehicles are depreciated over six years.

5. Impairment of Assets

Impairment loss, if any, is provided to the extent, the carrying amount of assets exceeds their recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an asset's net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Assessment is done at each balance sheet date as to whether there is any indication that an impairment loss recognized for an asset in prior accounting periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

6. Investments

Investments are classified into current and long-term investments. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long-term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognize a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments.

Investments that are readily realizable and are intended to be held for not more than one year from the date on which such investments are made, are classified as current investments. All other investments are classified as noncurrent investments.

Investment in land and buildings that are not intended to be occupied substantially for use by, or in the operations of the Company, have been classified as investment property. Investment properties are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.

7. Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost, computed on a weighted average basis, and estimated net realizable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

8. Trade Receivables and Loans and Advances

Trade Receivables and Loans and Advances are stated after making adequate provisions for doubtful balances.

9.. Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

A provision is recognized when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provision is not discounted to its present value and is determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the yearend date.

These are reviewed at each year end date and adjusted to reflect the best current estimate.

Contingent liabilities are disclosed when there is a possible obligation arising from past events, the existence of which will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the company or a present obligation that arises from past events where it is either not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle or a reliable estimate of the amount cannot be made.

10. Retirement / Post Retirement Benefits

Contributions to Defined Contribution schemes such as Provident Fund, etc. are charged to the Profit and Loss account as incurred. In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The remaining contributions are made to a government administered Provident Fund towards which the Company has no further obligations beyond its monthly contributions. The Company also provides for retirement / post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions, leave encashment and medical. Such benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the balance sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognized as an expense as and when incurred.

11. Current and Deferred Tax

Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the period.

Deferred tax is recognized, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are not recognized on unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses unless there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date.

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle the asset and the liability on a net basis.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off assets against liabilities representing the current tax and where the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes on income levied by the same governing taxation laws.

12. Foreign Currency Translations

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the profit and loss account.

Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the year end on account of firm commitment transactions are marked to market and the losses, if any are recognized in the profit and loss account and gains are ignored in accordance with the Announcement of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India on Accounting for Derivatives' issued in March 2008.

13.operating Leases

Leases in which a significant portion of the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. The Company is both a lessee and a lessor under such arrangements. Payments and receipts under such leases are charged or credited to profit and loss account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

14.Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the company with the following additional policies for segment reporting :

a) Inter segment revenue have been accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments which is primarily market led.

b) Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated corporate expenses".

15. Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, demand deposits with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

16. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period.

The weighted average number of equity shares outstanding during the period and for all periods presented is adjusted for events, such as bonus shares, other than the conversion of potential equity shares, that have changed the number of equity shares outstanding, without a corresponding change in resources. For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net profit for the period attributable to equity shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential equity shares.

17. Employee Share Based Payments

Equity settled stock options granted under "HUL ESOP / Performance Shares Scheme" are accounted for under the intrinsic value method as per the accounting treatment prescribed by Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Guidelines, 1999, issued by Securities and Exchange Board of India and the Guidance Note on Employee Share- based Payments issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.


Mar 31, 2011

The accounts have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable Accounting Standards notified under Section 211(3c) of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions thereof.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Sales are recognised when goods are supplied and are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties (on goods manufactured and outsourced) but include, where applicable, export incentives such as duty drawbacks and premiums on sale of import licences. It does not include inter-divisional transfers.

Income from Property Development Activity is recognised in terms of arrangements with developers, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements/ arrangements with the concerned parties.

Interest on investments is booked on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

EXPENDITURE

Expenses are accounted for on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities. Advertising expenses are charged against the profit of the year to which the activities relate.

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

FIXED ASSETS

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided (except in the case of leasehold land which is being amortised over the period of the lease) on the straight line method and at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. However,

O certain employee perquisite - related assets are depreciated over four to six years, the period of the perquisite scheme computers and related assets are depreciated over four years

O certain assets of the cold chain are depreciated over four / seven years; and

O motor vehicles are depreciated over six years

Assets identified and evaluated technically as obsolete and held for disposal are stated at their estimated net realisable values.

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortisation. Goodwill and other Intangible assets (except computer software) are amortised over the assets useful life not exceeding 10 years. Computer software is amortised over a period of 5 years on the straight line method.

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS

Impairment loss, if any, is provided to the extent, the carrying amount of assets exceeds their recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an assets net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

INVESTMENTS

Investments are classified into current and long - term investments. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long - term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long - term investments.

INVENTORIES

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost, computed on a weighted average basis, and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

SUNDRY DEBTORS AND LOANS AND ADVANCES

Sundry debtors and Loans and Advances are stated after making adequate provisions for doubtful balances.

PROVISIONS

A provision is recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provision is not discounted to its present value and is determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the year end date. These are reviewed at each year end date and adjusted to reflect the best current estimate.

RETIREMENT / POST RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Contributions to Defined Contribution schemes such as Provident Fund, etc. are charged to the Profit and Loss account as incurred. In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The remaining contributions are made to a government administered Provident Fund towards which the Company has no further obligations beyond its monthly contributions. The Company also provides for retirement / post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions, leave encashment and medical. Such benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the balance sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when incurred.

TAXES ON INCOME

Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the period.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are not recognised on unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses unless there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATIONS

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the Profit and Loss account.

Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the year end on account of firm commitment / highly probable forecast transactions are marked to market and the resultant gain/loss is dealt in the Profit and Loss account.

OPERATING LEASES

Lease Payments under operating leases have been recognised as an expense in the Profit and Loss account on a straight line basis over the lease term.

SEGMENT REPORTING

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company with the following additional policies for segment reporting :

a) Inter segment revenue have been accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments which is primarily market led.

b) Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under “Unallocated corporate expenses”.

6 Interest paid on bank and other accounts Rs. 0.24 Crores (2009-10: Rs. 6.98 Crores), including on fixed period loan Rs. Nil (2009-10: Rs. 3.62 Crores)

7 i) The net difference in foreign exchange (i.e. the difference between the spot rates on the dates of the transactions, and the actual rates at which the transactions are settled / appropriate rates applicable at the year end) credited to the Profit and Loss Account is Rs. 36.56 Crores (2009-10: debit Rs. 50.85 Crores).

10 Pursuant to the Scheme of amalgamation of erstwhile subsidiary Bon Limited with the Company, as sanctioned by the Honourable High Court of Bombay on 16th April, 2010 the assets and liabilities of Bon Limited were transferred to and vested in the Company with effect from 1st April, 2009. The Scheme was accordingly given effect to, using the pooling of interest method in March 2010 accounts, in accordance with Accounting Standard (AS-14) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.

13 The Companys significant leasing arrangements are in respect of operating leases for premises (residential, office, stores, godown etc.) and computers. These leasing arrangements which are not non-cancellable range between 11 months and 10 years generally, or longer, and are usually renewable by mutual consent on mutually agreeable terms. The aggregate lease rentals payable are charged as Rent in the Profit and Loss account (refer Note 4).

14 For information on Joint Venture refer Schedule 20 to the Balance Sheet.

15 Taxation adjustments of previous years include interest, etc.

16 Previous years figures have been regrouped/restated wherever necessary to conform to this years classification.

14 Certain demands for increased wages, etc. received from workmen have been referred to adjudication. In the opinion of the Companys management, the ultimate liability to the Company, if any, with respect to such demands would not have a material effect on the accounts.


Mar 31, 2010

Basis for preparation of accounts

The accounts have been prepared to comply in all material aspects with applicable accounting principles in India, the applicable Accounting Standards notified under section 211(3C) of the Companies Act, 1956 and the relevant provisions thereof.

Revenue Recognition

Sales are recognised when goods are supplied and are recorded net of trade discounts, rebates, sales taxes and excise duties (on goods manufactured and outsourced) but include, where applicable, export incentives such as duty drawbacks and premiums on sale of import licences. It does not include inter-divisional transfers.

Income from Property Development Activity is recognised in termsof arrangements with developers, where applicable.

Income from services rendered is booked based on agreements / arrangements with the concerned parties.

Interest on investments is booked on a time proportion basis taking into account the amounts invested and the rate of interest.

Dividend income on investments is accounted for when the right to receive the payment is established.

Expenditure

Expenses are accounted for on accrual basis and provision is made for all known losses and liabilities. Advertising expenses are charged against the profit of the year to which the activities relate.

Revenue expenditure on research and development is charged against the profit of the year in which it is incurred. Capital expenditure on research and development is shown as an addition to fixed assets.

FixedAssets

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided (except in the case of leasehold land which is being amortised over the period of the lease) on the straight line method and at the rates and in the manner specified in Schedule XIV of the Companies Act, 1956. However,

- certain employee perquisite-related assets are depreciated over four to six years, the period of the perquisite scheme.

- computers and related assets are depreciated over fouryears

- certain assets of the cold chain are depreciated over four/seven years and

- motorvehicles are depreciated oversixyears

Assets identified and evaluated technically as obsolete and held for disposal are stated at their estimated net realisable values.

Goodwill and other Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost of acquisition less accumulated amortisation. Goodwill and other Intangible assets (except computer software) are amortised over the assets useful life not exceeding 10 years. Computer software is amortised over a period of 5 years on the straight line method.

Impairment of Assets

Impairment loss, if any, is provided to the extent, the carrying amount of assets exceeds their recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is higher of an assets net selling price and its value in use. Value in use is the present value of estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the continuing use of an asset and from its disposal at the end of its useful life.

Investments

Investments are classified into current and long-term investments. Current investments are stated at the lower of cost and fair value. Long-term investments are stated at cost. A provision for diminution is made to recognise a decline, other than temporary, in the value of long-term investments.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost, computed on a weighted average basis, and estimated net realisable value, after providing for cost of obsolescence and other anticipated losses, wherever considered necessary. Finished goods and work-in-progress include costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition.

Sundry Debtors and Loans and Advances

Sundry debtors and Loans and Advances are stated after making adequate provisions for doubtful balances.

Provisions

A provision is recognised when there is a present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and in respect of which reliable estimate can be made. Provision is not discounted to its present value and is determined based on the best estimate required to settle the obligation at the year end date. These are reviewed at each year end date and adjusted to reflect the best current estimate.

Retirement/ Post Retirement Benefits

Contributions to Defined Contribution schemes such as Provident Fund, etc. are charged to the Profit and Loss account as incurred. In respect of certain employees, Provident Fund contributions are made to a Trust administered by the Company. The interest rate payable to the members of the Trust shall not be lower than the statutory rate of interest declared by the Central Government under the Employees Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 and shortfall, if any, shall be made good by the Company. The remaining contributions are made to a government administered Provident Fund towards which the Company has no further obligations beyond its monthly contributions. The Company also provides for retirement / post-retirement benefits in the form of gratuity, pensions, leave encashment and medical. Such benefits are provided for based on valuations, as at the balance sheet date, made by independent actuaries. Termination benefits are recognised as an expense as and when incurred.

Taxes on Income

Current tax is determined as the amount of tax payable in respect of taxable income for the period.

Deferred tax is recognised, subject to the consideration of prudence, on timing differences, being the difference between taxable income and accounting income that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods. Deferred tax assets are not recognised on unabsorbed depreciation and carry forward of losses unless there is virtual certainty that sufficient future taxable income will be available against which such deferred tax assets can be realised.

Foreign Currency Translations

Foreign currency transactions are accounted for at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the profit and loss account.

Forward exchange contracts outstanding as at the period end on account of firm commitment/highly probable forecast transaction are marked to market and the resultant gain/loss is dealt in the profit and loss account.

Segment Reporting

The accounting policies adopted for segment reporting are in line with the accounting policies of the Company with the following additional policies for segment reporting:

a) Inter segment revenue have been accounted for based on the transaction price agreed to between segments which is primarily market led.

b) Revenue and expenses have been identified to segments on the basis of their relationship to the operating activities of the segment. Revenue and expenses, which relate to the enterprise as a whole and are not allocable to segments on a reasonable basis, have been included under "Unallocated corporate expenses".

6 Interest paid on bank and other accounts Rs. 6.98 Crores (2009 - Rs. 25.32 Crores), including on fixed period loan Rs. 3.62 Crores (2009-Rs.1.01 Crores)

7 Interest income - non trade (gross) comprises of Rs. 4.10 Crores (2009 - Rs. 17.09 Crores) and Rs. Nil (2009 - Rs. 1.37 Crores) in respect of long term and current investments respectively.

8. i The net difference in foreign exchange (i.e. the difference between the spot rates on the dates of the transactions, and the actual rates at which the transactions are settled / appropriate rates applicable at the year end) debited to the Profit and LossAccountis Rs. 50.85 Crores (2009 - credit Rs. 32.68 Crores).

10 Miscellaneous expenses

i) is net of credit for write back of charge in respect of excess of cost over fair value of current investments Rs. Nil Crores [2009 - credit Rs. 3.09 Crores (net)]

12 Pursuant to the Scheme of amalgamation of erstwhile subsidiary Bon Limited with the Company, as sanctioned by the Honourable High Court of Bombay on 16th April, 2010, the assets and liabilities of Bon Limited were transferred to and vested in the Company with effect from 1st April 2009. The scheme has accordingly been given effect to in these accounts. The amalgamation has been accounted for under the pooling of interests method as prescribed by Accounting Standard (AS-14) issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Accordingly, the assets, liabilities and other reserves of the erstwhile subsidiary as at the aforementioned date have been taken over at their book values. There has been no adjustment required to be made forthe differences in the accounting policies between the Companies.

14 The Companys significant leasing arrangements are in respect of operating leases for premises (residential, office, stores, godown etc.) and computers. These leasing arrangements which are not non-cancellable range between 11 months and 10 years generally, or longer, and are usually renewable by mutual consent on mutually agreeable terms. The aggregate lease rentals payable are charged as Rent in the profit and loss account (refer Note 4).

15 Taxation adjustments of previousyears include interest, etc.

16 For information on Joint Ventures refer Schedule 22 to the Balance Sheet.

17. The current years figures are not comparable to those of previous year which relates to 15 months period ended 31 st March, 2009

ii Previous years figures have been regrouped/restated wherever necessary to conform to this years classification.

16 Certain demands for increased wages, etc. received from workmen have been referred to adjudication. In the opinion of the Companys management, the ultimate liability to the Company, if any, with respect to such demands would not have a material effect on the accounts.

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